The Advancement of Long Non-Coding RNAs in Cholangiocarcinoma Development

Abstract

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignancy with increasing incidence in recent years. CCA patients are usually diagnosed at advanced stage due to lack of apparent symptoms and specifically diagnostic markers. Nowadays, surgical removal is the only effective method for CCA whereas overall 5-year-survival rate keeps around 10%. Long-noncoding RNA (lncRNA), a subtype of noncoding RNA, is widely studied to be abnormally expressed in multiple cancers including CCA. LncRNA can promote proliferation, migration, invasion and inhibit apoptosis of CCA. Moreover, lncRNA is negatively correlated with the prognosis of CCA. LncRNA may contribute to the development of CCA via modulating gene transcription, sponging microRNA, regulating CCA-related signaling pathways or protein expression. LncRNA is thought to be potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets for CCA.

Keywords: cholangiocarcinoma; invasion; lncRNA; prognosis; proliferation.

Figure 1

TUG1/miR-145/Sirt3/GDH regulatory network. (a) TUG1 can bind to miR-145 directly and inhibit its activity. (b) Sirt3, a positive regulator of GDH, is confirmed to be suppressed by miR-145. (c) GDH could reverse the inhibitive effect of glutamine metabolism caused by miR-145. (d) Knockdown TUG1 in ICC cell would lead to a dramatic decrease of glutamine consumption, indicating a positive glutamine metabolism regulation by TUG1.