The Association Between Obesity and the Nocturia in the U.S. Population

Abstract

Purpose: We aimed to investigate the association of obesity with nocturia using a nationally representative sample of adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 2005 and 2012.

Methods: A total of 14,135 participants were included in this study. We performed a multivariate logistic regression analysis to find the odds ratio (OR) of obesity for nocturia. Furthermore, the OR of BMI for nocturia was analyzed using restricted cubic splines (RCS) with five knots. We conducted subgroup analysis according to age, sex, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus (DM) and further analysis with 1:1 matching data with propensity score.

Results: The participants who had body mass index (BMI) above 30 kg/m2 had a significantly higher OR for nocturia (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.28-1.50) than those without obesity. RCS showed a dose-dependent relationship between BMI and OR for nocturia. Subgroup analysis by age, sex, hypertension, and DM showed similar results. Further analysis with 1:1 matching data showed a significant association of obesity with the prevalence of nocturia (OR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.10-1.41).

Conclusion: This study reported that obesity was significant association with the prevalence of nocturia with dose-dependent manner, regardless of age, sex, hypertension, and DM after taking major confounding factors into account.

Keywords: Body mass index; Nocturia; Obesity.

Fig. 1.

Flowchart for participant selection. NHANES, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Fig. 2.

Relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the odds ratio for nocturia according to sex, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. (A) Total, (B) men vs. women, (C) normal vs. hypertension, and (D) normal vs. diabetes mellitus. Multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, alcohol intake, sleep duration, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, albumin creatinine ratio, and estimated glomerular filtration rate

Fig. 3.

The association between obesity and nocturia according to sex, hypertension (HTN), and diabetes mellitus (DM). ^a)NHANES 2005–2008 data was used due to limited data for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Multivariate logistic regression model adjusted for the following variables except for the factors for subgroup classification: age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking, alcohol intake, sleep duration, HTN, dyslipidemia, DM, albumin creatinine ratio, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval.