Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019 Jun 30;12(13):2109.
doi: 10.3390/ma12132109.

Evaluation of the Degree of Conversion, Residual Monomers and Mechanical Properties of Some Light-Cured Dental Resin Composites

Marioara Moldovan  1 , Robert Balazsi  2 , Andrada Soanca  3 , Alexandra Roman  3 , Codruta Sarosi  4 , Doina Prodan  1 , Mihaela Vlassa  1 , Ileana Cojocaru  5 , Vicentiu Saceleanu  6 , Ioan Cristescu  7
Affiliations

Evaluation of the Degree of Conversion, Residual Monomers and Mechanical Properties of Some Light-Cured Dental Resin Composites

Marioara Moldovan et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

The novelty of this study consists in the formulation and characterization of three experimental dental composites (PM, P14M, P2S) for cervical dental lesion restoration compared to the commercial composites Enamel plus HRi® - En (Micerium S.p.A, Avengo, Ge, Italy), G-ænial Anterior® - Ge, (GC Europe N.V., Leuven, Belgium), Charisma® - Ch (Heraeus Kulzer, Berkshire, UK). The physio-chemical properties were studied, like the degree of conversion and the residual monomers in cured samples using FTIR-ATR (attenuated total reflectance) and HPLC-UV (ultraviolet detection), as well as the evaluation of the mechanical properties of the materials. The null hypothesis was that there would be no differences between experimental and commercial resin composites regarding the evaluated parameters. Statistical analysis revealed that water and saliva storage induced significant modifications of all mechanical parameters after three months for all tested materials, except for a few comparisons for each type of material. Storage medium seemed not to alter the values of mechanical parameters in comparison with the initial ones for: diametral tensile strength (DTS-saliva for Ge and PM, compressive strength (CS)-water for Ch, DTS-water and Young's modulus YM-saliva for P14M and YM-water/ saliva for P2S (p > 0.05). Two of the experimental materials showed less than 1% residual monomers, which sustains good polymerization efficiency. Experimental resin composites have good mechanical properties, which makes them recommendable for the successful use in load-bearing surfaces of posterior teeth.

Keywords: FTIR; composites; degree of conversion; mechanical properties.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
FTIR-ATR spectra of commercial and experimental dental composites for determining the absorbance of ν(C=C) and ν(CH2 ) vibrations, before and polymerization.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The residual double bonds (RDB) of resin composite discs (En = Enamel Plus HRV; G-ænial Anterior = Ge; Charisma = Ch; PM, P2S, P14M = experimental resin composites).
Figure 3
Figure 3
HPLC chromatograms of standards monomers solutions (BisGMA, TEGDMA, UDMA) and representative chromatograms of the extracted monomers in chloroform.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Average values and standard deviations of mechanical properties of flexural strength (FS - graph A), Young’s modulus of bending (YM—graph B), compressive strength (CS—graph C ), diametral tensile strength (DTS—graph D) after the polymerization reaction (initial) and after 3, respectively 15 months (only for FS and YM) of immersion in distillated water (W) and artificial saliva (S); En = Enamel plus HRI, Ge = G-ænial anterior, Ch = Charisma.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

See all "Cited by" articles

References

    1. Geurtsen W., Schoeler J. A 4-year retrospective clinical study of class I and II composite filling. J. Dent. 1997;25:229–232. doi: 10.1016/S0300-5712(96)00027-9. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Heil J., Reifferscheid G., Waldmann P., Leyhausen G., Geurtsen W. Genotoxicity of dental materials. Mutat. Res. 1996;368:181–194. doi: 10.1016/S0165-1218(96)90060-9. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Manhart J., Chen H., Hamm G., Hickel R. Buonocore Memorial Lecture. Review of the clinical survival of direct and indirect restorations in posterior teeth of the permanent dentition. Oper. Dent. 2004;29:481–508. - PubMed
    1. Sabbagh J., Ryelandt L., Bachérius L., Biebuyck J.J., Vreven J., Lambrechts P., Leloup G. Characterization of the inorganic fraction of resin composites. J. Oral Rehabil. 2004;31:1090–1101. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2842.2004.01352.x. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Anusavice K.J. Philips’ Science of Dental Materials. 11th ed. WB Saunders; St. Louis, MO, USA: 2003. Mechanical properties of dental materials; pp. 73–81.