Validation of a Parent Report Tool for Monitoring Early Vocal Stages in Infants

Abstract

Purpose Tracking of infants' progression through early vocal stages supports the identification of children at risk for language delays and guides early intervention for children with disabilities. However, few clinical tools are available to support systematic assessment of infants' early vocal development. This study sought to develop and conduct a preliminary evaluation of the validity of a parent report tool designed for this purpose, the Vocal Development Landmarks Interview (VDLI). Method The participants were caregivers of 160 typically developing 6- to 21-month-old infants. Caregivers participated in the VDLI, which uses audio samples of authentic infant vocalizations to query parents regarding their children's vocal behaviors. The VDLI yields 3 subscale scores (Precanonical, Canonical, and Word) and a total score. Caregivers also completed sections of the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile Caregiver Questionnaire that yielded a speech composite score. Results Cross-sectional analyses showed that the VDLI is sensitive to age and captures the expected developmental trajectories of vocal behaviors. A strong, positive correlation ( r = .93) was found between VDLI total scores and the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile speech composite score, indicating concurrent validity. Subscales were found to be internally consistent. Conclusion Preliminary findings of sensitivity to age, concurrent validity, and internal consistency provide support for the eventual use of the VDLI as a clinical tool for tracking vocal and early verbal milestones. Future research will explore the level of concordance between parent report and researcher observations of child vocal behaviors. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8330003.

Figure 1.

Growth curves predicted by the model for the Precanonical, Canonical, and Word subscales of the Vocal Development Landmarks Interview for females with a caregiver education value of 4 (postgraduate degree) and a cognitive development value of 10.

Figure 2.

Scatter plots a of the relationship between the Vocal Development Landmarks Interview (VDLI) total scores and the Communication and Symbolic Behavior Scales Developmental Profile (CSBS-DP) speech composite raw scores for each age group. Lines reflect the slopes of the relationship for the respective age bins.