Comparative Study

. 2019 Jul;20(7):1236-1245.

doi: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0083.

Structural and Functional Features on Quantitative Chest Computed Tomography in the Korean Asian versus the White American Healthy Non-Smokers

Hyun Bin Cho¹, Kum Ju Chae², Gong Yong Jin², Jiwoong Choi^{3

4}, Ching Long Lin^{3

4}, Eric A Hoffman^{5

6}, Sally E Wenzel⁷, Mario Castro⁸, Sean B Fain^{9

10}, Nizar N Jarjour^{9

10}, Mark L Schiebler⁹, R Graham Barr¹¹, Nadia Hansel¹², Christopher B Cooper¹³, Eric C Kleerup¹⁴, MeiLan K Han¹⁵, Prescott G Woodruff¹⁶, Richard E Kanner¹⁷, Eugene R Bleecker¹⁸, Stephen P Peters¹⁹, Wendy C Moore¹⁹, Chang Hyun Lee^{5

20}, Sanghun Choi²¹; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's SubPopulations and InteRmediate Outcome Measures In COPD Study (SPIROMICS) and Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP)

Affiliations

¹ School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
² Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
⁴ IIHR-Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
⁵ Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
⁶ Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
⁷ Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
⁸ Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
⁹ Departments of Radiology and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
¹¹ Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
¹² School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
¹³ Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
¹⁶ School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
¹⁷ School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
¹⁸ Departments of Genetics and Genomics and Precision Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
²⁰ Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. changhyun.lee@snu.ac.kr.
²¹ School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea. s-choi@knu.ac.kr.

PMID: 31270987
PMCID: PMC6609438
DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0083

Comparative Study

Structural and Functional Features on Quantitative Chest Computed Tomography in the Korean Asian versus the White American Healthy Non-Smokers

Hyun Bin Cho et al. Korean J Radiol. 2019 Jul.

. 2019 Jul;20(7):1236-1245.

doi: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0083.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea.
² Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea.
³ Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
⁴ IIHR-Hydroscience and Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
⁵ Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
⁶ Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
⁷ Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
⁸ Departments of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
⁹ Departments of Radiology and Medicine, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
¹¹ Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
¹² School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
¹³ Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
¹⁶ School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
¹⁷ School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
¹⁸ Departments of Genetics and Genomics and Precision Medicine, University of Arizona Health Sciences, Tucson, AZ, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
²⁰ Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea. changhyun.lee@snu.ac.kr.
²¹ School of Mechanical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea. s-choi@knu.ac.kr.

PMID: 31270987
PMCID: PMC6609438
DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0083

Erratum in

Erratum: Structural and Functional Features on Quantitative Chest Computed Tomography in the Korean Asian versus the White American Healthy Non-Smokers.
Cho HB, Chae KJ, Jin GY, Choi J, Lin CL, Hoffman EA, Wenzel SE, Castro M, Fain SB, Jarjour NN, Schiebler ML, Barr RG, Hansel N, Cooper CB, Kleerup EC, Han MK, Woodruff PG, Kanner RE, Bleecker ER, Peters SP, Moore WC, Lee CH, Choi S; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's SubPopulations and InteRmediate Outcome Measures In COPD Study (SPIROMICS) and Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP). Cho HB, et al. Korean J Radiol. 2020 Jan;21(1):117. doi: 10.3348/kjr.2019.0912. Korean J Radiol. 2020. PMID: 31920035 Free PMC article.

Abstract

Objective: Considering the different prevalence rates of diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Asians relative to other races, Koreans may have unique airway structure and lung function. This study aimed to investigate unique features of airway structure and lung function based on quantitative computed tomography (QCT)-imaging metrics in the Korean Asian population (Koreans) as compared with the White American population (Whites).

Materials and methods: QCT data of healthy non-smokers (223 Koreans vs. 70 Whites) were collected, including QCT structural variables of wall thickness (WT) and hydraulic diameter (D_h) and functional variables of air volume, total air volume change in the lung (ΔV_air), percent emphysema-like lung (Emph%), and percent functional small airway disease-like lung (fSAD%). Mann-Whitney U tests were performed to compare the two groups.

Results: As compared with Whites, Koreans had smaller volume at inspiration, ΔV_air between inspiration and expiration (p < 0.001), and Emph% at inspiration (p < 0.001). Especially, Korean females had a decrease of ΔV_air in the lower lobes (p < 0.001), associated with fSAD% at the lower lobes (p < 0.05). In addition, Koreans had smaller D_h and WT of the trachea (both, p < 0.05), correlated with the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (R = 0.49, 0.39; all p < 0.001) and forced vital capacity (R = 0.55, 0.45; all p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Koreans had unique features of airway structure and lung function as compared with Whites, and the difference was clearer in female individuals. Discriminating structural and functional features between Koreans and Whites enables exploration of inter-racial differences of pulmonary disease in terms of severity, distribution, and phenotype.

Keywords: Airway wall thickness; Hydraulic luminal diameter; Image registration; Percent emphysema-like lung; Percent functional small airway disease-like lung.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

Eric A. Hoffman is a shareholder in VIDA diagnostics, a company that is commercializing lung image analysis software derived by the University of Iowa lung imaging group. He is also a member of the Siemens CT advisory board. Sean B. Fain receives grant funding from GE Healthcare. Mark L. Schiebler is a shareholder in Stemina Biomarker Discovery, Inc. and Healthmyne, Inc.

Figures

**Fig. 1. Flow chart of subject selection of male and female subgroups.**
Values are presented as mean (standard deviation). COPD = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, SARP = Severe Asthma Research Program, SPIROMICS = SubPopulations and InteRmediate Outcome Measures In COPD Study

**Fig. 2. A. Five central airways and five subgroups of segmental airway. B. Frontal view of color-coded five lobes.**
Hydraulic diameter and wall thickness included regions in A. Percent emphysema-like lung and percent fSAD involved regions in B. BronInt = bronchus intermedius, fSAD = functional small airway disease-like lung, LLL = left lower lobe, LMB = left main bronchus, LUL = left upper lobe, RLL = right lower lobe, RMB = right main bronchus, RML = right middle lobe, RUL = right upper lobe, sLLL = subgrouped LLL including branches of LB6 and LB8 to LB10, sLUL = subgrouped LUL including branches of LB1 to LB5, sRLL = subgrouped RLL including branches of RB6 to RB10, sRML = subgrouped RML including branches of RB4 and RB5, sRUL = subgrouped RUL including branches of RB1 to RB3, TriLLB = trifurcation of left lower bronchus,TriLUL = trifurcation of LUB, TriRLL = trifurcation of RLL, TriRUL = trifurcation of RUB

**Fig. 3. Distribution of ΔV_air^* **(A, B)**, and fSAD in Korean (left column) and White female (right column) samples **(C, D)**.**
Left lateral view is shown, and each cube represents average of about 1000 voxels; voxels in C and D are labeled as 0 (non-fSAD) to 1 (fSAD). ΔV_air^* = air volume change normalized by median value

See this image and copyright information in PMC

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Structural and Functional Features on Quantitative Chest Computed Tomography in the Korean Asian versus the White American Healthy Non-Smokers

Affiliations

Structural and Functional Features on Quantitative Chest Computed Tomography in the Korean Asian versus the White American Healthy Non-Smokers

Authors

Affiliations

Erratum in

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

Figures

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical

Molecular Biology Databases

Research Materials