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. 2019 Jul 5;14(1):206.
doi: 10.1186/s13018-019-1251-5.

Grape seed extract supplement increases bone callus formation and mechanical strength: an animal study

Murat Gurger  1 , Erhan Yilmaz  2 , Seval Yilmaz  3 , Gokhan Once  2 , Mustafa Konuk  4 , Emre Kaya  3 , Yakup Say  5 , Gokhan Artas  6 , Hakan Artas  7
Affiliations

Grape seed extract supplement increases bone callus formation and mechanical strength: an animal study

Murat Gurger et al. J Orthop Surg Res. .

Abstract

Background: The positive effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on bone health, which is a potent antioxidant, are known but its effects on fracture healing are not sufficiently covered in the literature. This study aims to investigate the effects of GSPE on fracture healing and biomechanics of healing bone.

Materials and methods: Sixty-four adult Wistar-Albino male rats were divided into 8 groups of 8 animals in each group. Osteotomy was performed to the right femurs of all groups except the negative control (G1) and positive control (G2) groups, and intramedullary Kirchner wire was used for fixation. GSPE was given to half of the rats (G2-G4-G6-G8) 100 mg/kg/day by oral gavage. The rats were sacrificed on the tenth (G3-G4), twentieth (G5-G6), and thirtieth (G1-G2-G7-G8) days, respectively, and histopathological, radiological, and biomechanical examinations were performed.

Results: Histopathological examination of the specimens from the callus tissues revealed that bone healing was more prominent in the groups supplemented with GSPE (G4, G6, G8). There was a statistically significant improvement in radiological recovery scores and callus volumes in groups with GSPE. When biomechanical strengths were evaluated, it was found that GSPE increased bone strength not only in fracture groups but also in the positive control group (G2).

Conclusions: As a result, this study showed that GSPE, a potent anti-oxidant, had a positive effect on bone healing and improved mechanical strength of the healing bone.

Keywords: Antioxidant; Biomechanics; Fracture healing; Grape seed; Proanthocyanidin.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
3 PB tests
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Guide to sample measurements used in calculations
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Micrographs of sections from G1 and G2 groups. Bone tissue sections in the negative control (G1) and positive control (G2) groups showed normal bone appearance
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
With time, healing of the fracture was observed in the examination of the samples taken from the callus tissue; 10 days after (G3, G4), 20 days after (G5, G6), and 30 days after (G7, G8) the fracture was introduced. However, bone healing was more evident in the groups given GSPE (G4, G6, G8)
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Radiographs of the samples of the groups in the 10th (G3, G4), 20th (G5, G6), and 30th (G7, G8) days. It was observed that the radiological improvement in the GSPE-treated groups (G4, G6, G8) was better than the non-GSPE groups (G3, G5, G7)
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Calculated moment of inertia values
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Calculated bending moment values
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Maximum force and maximum stress values
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Elastic modulus values
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