Bicycle-related traumatic injury hospitalizations: six years descriptive analysis in Qatar

Abstract

Background: Bicycle riding is a widely practiced mode of transportation, commuting, competition, fitness and recreation. We aimed to describe the incidence, risk factors and outcomes of Bicycle-Related Traumatic Injury (BRTI) in a Middle Eastern country.

Methods: Data were extracted from a prospectively collected trauma registry over a period of six years (2010- 2015) from the national trauma center. Demographics and clinical characteristics of patients, and outcomes were analyzed.

Results: There were 150 patients with a mean age of 27.2±16.6 years, 98% were males, 86.6% were hit by a car and 8.7% died. The average annual incidence of BRTIs was 1.3 per 100,000 populations. The mean Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) and injury severity score (ISS) were12.7±4.0 and 13.6±9.8; respectively. Almost one-third of cases had an ISS of 9-15. The most commonly injured region was the head (47%) followed by a lower extremity (30%), chest (25%), upper extremity (21.3%), spine (20.7%), abdomen (18.7%) and (7%) pelvis.

Conclusions: BRTI is relatively uncommon in Qatar; however, it is characterized by a distinct epidemiology with a considerable mortality. Young male nationals, recreational cyclists and expatriate young commuter cyclists comprise the majority of victims and should be the focus of primary prevention efforts. Complementary prevention should aim at enforcing helmet laws to reduce fatal head injuries, and educating motorists of safer practices around cyclists.

Figure 1. Bicycle injuries by age groups.

Figure 2. Incidence rate per 100,000, Bicycle-related injuries, by year, both sexes, all ages, (2010-2015) (n=150) Trauma Registry, Hamad Trauma Center, Doha, Qatar and Qatar Statistics Authority.

Figure 3. Bicycle-related injuries, by month of injury, days, and hours.