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. 2019 Jul 9;5(1):25.
doi: 10.1186/s40729-019-0178-2.

Cytotoxicity and proinflammatory effects of titanium and zirconia particles

Frank Schwarz  1   2 , Maike Langer  3   4 , Tina Hagena  4 , Brigitte Hartig  4 , Robert Sader  5 , Jürgen Becker  4
Affiliations

Cytotoxicity and proinflammatory effects of titanium and zirconia particles

Frank Schwarz et al. Int J Implant Dent. .

Abstract

Background: To assess the effects of differently sized titanium (Ti) and zirconia (Zr) particles on (1) the metabolic activity of osteosarcoma-derived osteoblasts (SaOs-2) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) and (2) the cytokine expression of monocytes (THP-1) METHODS: Ti (60-80 nm and 100 nm) and Zr (2 μm and 75 μm) particles were incubated with SaOs-2, HGF, and THP-1 cells. At days 0, 2, 4, and 7 and 0, 1, 2, and 4 (THP-1), the mitochondrial activity was assessed and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to determine interleukin (IL)-1 beta and IL-6 concentrations of stimulated THP-1 at day 1.

Results: Ti60-80, Ti100, Zr2, and Zr75 particles were associated with gradual and significant within-group decreases in the viability of SaOs-2 and HGF cells. These effects were less pronounced in the Zr group. Similar to control cells, THP-1 did not reveal any significant increases in IL-1 beta and IL-6 concentrations. Viability of THP-1 was merely impaired in the presence of Ti100.

Conclusions: Ti and Zr particles had a detrimental effect on the viability of SaOs-2 and HGF, but no proinflammatory effect on THP-1.

Keywords: Cellular immunology; Cytokines; Fibroblast; In vitro model; Monocytes; Osteoblast.

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Conflict of interest statement

Frank Schwarz, Maike Langer, Tina Hagena, Brigitte Hartig, Robert Sader, and Jürgen Becker declare that they have no competing interests related to this analysis.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Mitochondrial activity expressed as median luminescent output (counts per second -CPS) of SaOs-2 and HGF in different groups. a Test groups (SaOs-2). b Control group (SaOs-2). c Test groups (HGF). d Control group (HGF). e Test groups (THP-1). f Control groups (THP-1)
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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