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. 2019 Jul 9;9(1):9918.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46184-x.

Ki-67, p53 and BCL-2 Expressions and their Association with Clinical Histopathology of Breast Cancer among Women in Tanzania

Hidaya Mansouri  1   2 , Leah F Mnango  3 , Erick P Magorosa  3 , Elingarami Sauli  4 , Emmanuel A Mpolya  4
Affiliations

Ki-67, p53 and BCL-2 Expressions and their Association with Clinical Histopathology of Breast Cancer among Women in Tanzania

Hidaya Mansouri et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

This study associated Ki-67, p53, and BCL-2 markers with clinical histopathological (CH) features using currently available limited data on these markers in Tanzania. Retrospective chart review study was conducted among females with confirmed breast cancer (BC) at Muhimbili National Hospital in Tanzania between 2016 and 2017. Inclusion criteria were met by 76 patients with a mean age of 51.32 ± 14.28 years. Of these, 86.4% were stage III and IV, whereas 83.5% cases had grade 2 and grade 3. Upon immunostaining, 85.5% and 57.9% were Ki-67 and BCL-2 positive respectively. Log-linear analysis showed no statistically significant association among biomarkers expression and CH features. However, multinomial linear regression showed higher possibility for association between high expression of Ki-67, low expression of p53 and high expression of BCL-2 with age, grade, stage and tumor (T) stage. BCL-2 was positively correlated with Ki-67 expression contrary to p53, which was negatively correlated with BCL-2. Conclusively, there is evidence of correlation between the studied markers with CH features. However, studies with larger sample sizes will likely reveal significant associations that will validate the role of these markers as tools for evaluating treatment response in individualized therapeutic schemes in Tanzania.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Monograghs. (a and b) Nuclear positively stained for Ki-67 at 10x and 40x *hpf respectively; (c and d) Nuclear negatively stained for Ki-67 at 10x and 40x hpf respectively; (e and f) Nuclear positively stained for p53 at 10x and 40x hpf respectively; (g and h) Nuclear negatively stained for p53 at 10x and 40x hpf respectively; (i and j) Nuclear membrane positively stained for BCL-2 at 10x and 40x hpf respectively: (k and l) nuclear membrane negatively stained for BCL-2 at 10x and 40x hpf respectively; (m and n) H&E staining for infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) at 10x and 40x hpf respectively. *hpf: High-power field.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Distribution of Ki-67, p53 and BCL-2 among age-groups.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Association between Ki-67 with clinical and histopathological grades.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Association between BCL-2 with clinical and histopathological grades.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Patient recruitment flow diagram showing distribution of patients and biomarkers categories across different pathological characteristics.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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    1. Ministry Of Health Community Development Gender Elderly and Children (MoHCDGEC) United Republic of Tanzania. National Guidelines for Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer and Referral for Treatment. 49 (Ministry Of Health Community Development, Gender, Elderly and Children, Dar es Salaam, United Republic of Tanzania 2018).
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