Sleep Duration and Weight-Related Behaviors among Adolescents

Abstract

Background: Insufficient sleep is widespread among adolescents and has consequences that extend far beyond hampering day-to-day functioning. It may influence eating and physical activity patterns and be an important determinant of adolescent overweight/obesity status. Methods: We assessed how self-reported sleep duration on school nights was associated with weight-related behaviors (eating, diet, and physical activity) and overweight/obesity at the baseline wave (ninth grade year) of the START study (n = 2134). Results: Fifteen percent of our sample reported optimal sleep duration (8.5-10.0 hours); nonwhites, participants of lower socioeconomic status, and girls were at greater risk for insufficient sleep. Suboptimal sleep was associated with various poor weight-related behaviors such as increased sugar-sweetened beverage consumption, decreased vegetable consumption, and decreased breakfast eating (p < 0.001). Fewer hours of sleep were also associated with less physical activity and an increased likelihood of obesity (p = 0.02 for both associations). Conclusions: The influence of adolescent sleep insufficiency on diet and activity could impact childhood obesity and following chronic disease risk especially if lack of sleep sets the stage for enduring, lifelong, poor, weight-related behavior patterns.

Keywords: adolescence; diet; eating; physical activity; sleep.