Robotic enucleation of adrenal masses: technique and outcomes

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of the application of robotic enucleation of adrenal masses (REAM).

Methods: Thirteen patients at Shanghai Changhai Hospital who underwent robotic enucleation of adrenal mass from February 2017 to March 2018 were reviewed. After mobilizing the adrenal gland and clamping the feeding blood vessels, the tumor was enucleated and reconstruction was performed. Relevant clinical data were recorded including baseline patient and tumor characteristics, and perioperative outcomes (operating time, ischemic time, estimated blood loss, complications, and so on).

Results: All cases were successfully completed without conversion to total adrenalectomy or open surgery. The mean operative time was 75 min (range 60-95), with a mean warm ischemia time of 12 min (range 8-17). The estimated blood loss was 20 mL (range 10-50). No intraoperative complications were observed, and no steroid replacement was given post-operatively. After a median follow-up period of 12 months (range 9-15), no evidence of disease recurrence was detected.

Conclusions: Robotic enucleation of adrenal masses is a safe and feasible procedure with excellent short-term functional and oncologic outcomes. Steroid supplementation is not necessary and recurrence is not usual with limited follow-up. Long-term follow-up and larger studies should be conducted to further evaluate outcomes of this robotic adrenal-sparing approach.

Keywords: Adrenal mass; Enucleation; Robotic surgery.