Outcomes for Surgical Treatment of Femoroacetabular Impingement in Adults

Abstract

Purpose of review: To assess the outcomes of modern techniques for arthroscopic surgery in the treatment of femoroacetabular impingement.

Recent findings: While initially approached by means of open surgical hip dislocation, recent literature has shown generally good outcomes of arthroscopic treatment for femoroacetabular impingement. Modern advances in hip arthroscopy technique and implants now allow for labral repair or reconstruction when indicated. Arthroscopic treatment of femoroacetabular impingement results in significant improvements in patient pain and function, with low complication rates and high patient satisfaction. A majority of improvements in these patients occur within 1 to 2 years post-operatively. Hip arthroscopy for femoroacetabular impingement yields the best results in patients without significant arthritis or hip dysplasia.

Keywords: Acetabular labrum; Femoroacetabular impingement; Hip arthroscopy; Hip impingement; Hip labral repair.

Fig. 1

Anterior-posterior pelvis radiograph in a patient with hip dysplasia demonstrating measurement of a lateral center edge angle, measured as the angle between a line from the center of the femoral head to the lateral edge of the acetabular sourcil and a vertical line from the center of the femoral head, perpendicular to an inter-teardrop line; b Tonnis angle, measured between a line from the medial to lateral edge of the acetabular sourcil and a horizontal line extending from the medial edge of the sourcil, parallel to an inter-teardrop line

Fig. 2

Anterior-posterior hip radiograph demonstrating the three radiographic indicators of global acetabular retroversion. Crossover sign: the acetabular posterior wall (dashed blue line) crosses over the anterior wall (solid yellow line) superiorly; posterior wall sign: the posterior wall lies medial to the center of the femoral head (red dot); ischial spine sign: the ischial spine (white arrow) is visible medial to the pelvic brim