Enhanced bone regeneration capability of chitosan sponge coated with TiO₂ nanoparticles

Radyum Ikono^{1

2

3}, Ni Li⁴, Nanda Hendra Pratama¹, Agnia Vibriani⁵, Diah Retno Yuniarni⁶, Muhammad Luthfansyah¹, Boy Muchlis Bachtiar⁷, Endang Winiati Bachtiar⁷, Kamarza Mulia⁸, Mohammad Nasikin⁸, Hideaki Kagami^{3

4

9}, Xianqi Li⁴, Etik Mardliyati¹⁰, Nurul Taufiqu Rochman¹¹, Tokiko Nagamura-Inoue¹², Arinobu Tojo³

Affiliations

¹ Division of Bionanotechnology, Nano Center Indonesia, Jl. Raya Serpong, 15310, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia.
² Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Sumbawa University of Technology, Jl. Raya Olat Maras, 84371, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia.
³ Division of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 7 Chome-3-1 Hongo, 113-8654, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Hirookagobara, Shiojiri, Nagano-Prefecture, 399-0704, Japan.
⁵ Department of Biology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, 40132, Bandung, Indonesia.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, University of Indonesia, Jl. Margonda Raya, 16424, Depok, Indonesia.
⁷ Oral Science Laboratory, Department of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya, 10430, Central Jakarta, Indonesia.
⁸ Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Indonesia, Jl. Margonda Raya, 16424, Depok, Indonesia.
⁹ Department of General Medicine, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 7 Chome-3-1 Hongo, 113-8654, Tokyo, Japan.
¹⁰ Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), PUSPIPTEK Area, 15314, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia.
¹¹ Research Center for Physics, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), PUSPIPTEK Area, 15314, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia.
¹² Department of Cell Processing and Transfusion, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 7 Chome-3-1 Hongo, 113-8654, Tokyo, Japan.

PMID: 31304101
PMCID: PMC6606563
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00350

Enhanced bone regeneration capability of chitosan sponge coated with TiO₂ nanoparticles

Radyum Ikono et al. Biotechnol Rep (Amst). 2019.

. 2019 Jun 5:24:e00350.

doi: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00350. eCollection 2019 Dec.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Division of Bionanotechnology, Nano Center Indonesia, Jl. Raya Serpong, 15310, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia.
² Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Sumbawa University of Technology, Jl. Raya Olat Maras, 84371, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Indonesia.
³ Division of Molecular Therapy, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 7 Chome-3-1 Hongo, 113-8654, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Matsumoto Dental University, 1780 Hirookagobara, Shiojiri, Nagano-Prefecture, 399-0704, Japan.
⁵ Department of Biology, Bandung Institute of Technology, Jl. Ganesha No. 10, 40132, Bandung, Indonesia.
⁶ Department of Chemistry, University of Indonesia, Jl. Margonda Raya, 16424, Depok, Indonesia.
⁷ Oral Science Laboratory, Department of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya, 10430, Central Jakarta, Indonesia.
⁸ Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Indonesia, Jl. Margonda Raya, 16424, Depok, Indonesia.
⁹ Department of General Medicine, IMSUT Hospital, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 7 Chome-3-1 Hongo, 113-8654, Tokyo, Japan.
¹⁰ Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), PUSPIPTEK Area, 15314, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia.
¹¹ Research Center for Physics, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), PUSPIPTEK Area, 15314, Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia.
¹² Department of Cell Processing and Transfusion, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 7 Chome-3-1 Hongo, 113-8654, Tokyo, Japan.

PMID: 31304101
PMCID: PMC6606563
DOI: 10.1016/j.btre.2019.e00350

Erratum in

Erratum regarding missing Declaration of Competing Interest statements in previously published articles.
[No authors listed] [No authors listed] Biotechnol Rep (Amst). 2021 Mar 19;29:e00582. doi: 10.1016/j.btre.2020.e00582. eCollection 2021 Mar. Biotechnol Rep (Amst). 2021. PMID: 33786326 Free PMC article.

Abstract

Chitosan has been a popular option for tissue engineering, however exhibits limited function for bone regeneration due to its low mechanical robustness and non-osteogenic inductivity. Here we hybridized chitosan with TiO₂ nanoparticles to improve its bone regeneration capability. Morphology and crystallographic analysis showed that TiO₂ nanoparticles in anatase-type were distributed evenly on the surface of the chitosan sponges. Degradation test showed a significant effect of TiO₂ nanoparticles addition in retaining its integrity. Biomineralization assay using simulated body fluid showed apatite formation in sponges surface as denoted by PO^4- band observed in FTIR results. qPCR analysis supported chitosan - TiO₂ sponges in bone regeneration capability as indicated by DMP1 and OCN gene upregulation in TiO₂ treated group. Finally, cytotoxicity analysis supported the fact that TiO₂ nanoparticles added sponges were proved to be biocompatible. Results suggest that chitosan-50% TiO₂ nanoparticles sponges could be a potential novel scaffold for bone tissue engineering.

Keywords: Bone regeneration; Chitosan; Sponges; TiO2 nanoparticles; Tissue engineering.

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Figures

**Fig. 1**
SEM images of chitosan (chi) - nano TiO₂ (NT) sponge of different treatment group: (A) control, (B) chi-12.5%NT, (C) chi-25%NT, and (D) chi-50%NT (E) SEM – EDS image of chi-12.5%NT sponge.

**Fig. 2**
XRD analysis of different sample groups. This graph shows that addition of TiO₂ to the sponge did not affect the crystal structure of TiO₂ shown by anatase crystal structure retention. (NT—X : nano TiO₂ – concentration used).

**Fig. 3**
Physical appearance (A) and IR spectrum (B) of samples after incubation in SBF solution.

**Fig. 4**
DMP1 gene and OCN gene expressions of cells seeded on the scaffold. An asterisk (*) marks represent significant differences between group for DMP1 gene, and an octothorp (#) marks represent significant differences between group for OCN gene (p-value < 0.05).

**Fig. 5**
Cell attachment on the scaffold in 40x magnification after staining with crystal violet (Magnification: 1500x).

**Fig. 6**
Cytotoxicity analysis using WST assay after 5 days cell culture. Hybridized TiO₂ on the chitosan scaffold can significantly improve biocompatibility properties of the scaffold.

See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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Enhanced bone regeneration capability of chitosan sponge coated with TiO₂ nanoparticles

Affiliations

Enhanced bone regeneration capability of chitosan sponge coated with TiO₂ nanoparticles

Authors

Affiliations

Erratum in

Abstract

Figures

References

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources