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. 2019 Feb:13:16-21.
doi: 10.1016/j.cotox.2018.12.002. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Biogenic Aldehyde-Mediated Mechanisms of Toxicity in Neurodegenerative Disease

Brianna S Cagle  1 , Rachel A Crawford  1 , Jonathan A Doorn  1
Affiliations

Biogenic Aldehyde-Mediated Mechanisms of Toxicity in Neurodegenerative Disease

Brianna S Cagle et al. Curr Opin Toxicol. 2019 Feb.

Abstract

Oxidative decomposition of several biomolecules produces reactive aldehydes. Monoamine neurotransmitters are enzymatically converted to aldehydes via monoamine oxidase followed by further metabolism such as carbonyl oxidation/reduction. Elevated levels of aldehyde intermediates are implicated as factors in several pathological conditions, including Parkinson's disease. The biogenic aldehydes produced from dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin are known to be toxic, generate reactive oxygen species and/or cause aggregation of proteins such as α-synuclein. Polyunsaturated lipids undergo oxidative decomposition to produce biogenic aldehydes, including 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and malondialdehyde. These lipid aldehydes, some including an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl, target important proteins such as α-synuclein, proteasome degradation and G-protein-coupled signaling. Overproduction of biogenic aldehydes is a hypothesized factor in neurodegeneration; preventing their formation or scavenging may provide means for neuroprotection.

Keywords: DOPAL; DOPEGAL; Parkinson’s disease; ROS; aldehydes; lipid peroxidation.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.

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