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. 2019 Jul-Aug;9(4):396-409.

Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott ethanolic leaf extract and fractions exhibited profound anti-inflammatory activity

Earnest Oghenesuvwe Erhirhie  1 , Chika Ndubuisi Emeghebo  1 , Emmanuel Emeka Ilodigwe  1 , Daniel Lotanna Ajaghaku  2 , Blessing Ogechukwu Umeokoli  3 , Peter Maduabuchi Eze  4 , Kenneth Gerald Ngwoke  3 , Festus Basden Gerald Chiedu Okoye  3
Affiliations

Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott ethanolic leaf extract and fractions exhibited profound anti-inflammatory activity

Earnest Oghenesuvwe Erhirhie et al. Avicenna J Phytomed. 2019 Jul-Aug.

Abstract

Objective: Dryopteris filix-mas (D. filix-mas) (L.) Schott, (Dryopteridaceae) is used in traditional medicine, particularly in the Southern parts of Nigeria for the treatment of inflammation, rheumatoid arthritis, wounds and ulcers. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of its ethanolic leaf extract and fractions.

Materials and methods: The ethanolic leaf extract and fractions were screened for anti-inflammatory properties using egg-albumin-induced paw edema, xylene-induced topical ear edema, formaldehyde-induced arthritis and ulcerogenic models. The ethyl acetate most promising vacuum liquid chromatography fraction (VLC-E7) was purified using size exclusion chromatography technique (Sephadex LH-20) and its structure was elucidated using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined.

Results: From the study, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions elicited better anti-inflammatory activities in egg-albumin-induced paw edema, formaldehyde-induced arthritis and xylene-induced topical ear edema. The ethanol extract, ethyl acetate and butanol fractions were non-ulcerogenic at 200 and 400 mg/kg. The compound isolated from Sephadex fraction (SPH-E6) was quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside.

Conclusion: Results of this study justify the ethnomedicinal use of D. filix-mas leaf for treatment of inflammation and rheumatoid arthritis. We suggest that D. filix-mas could be a prospective anti-inflammatory agent with no gastric irritation side effect, due to its bioactive component, quercetin-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside.

Keywords: Anti-inflammatory; Dryopteris filix-mas; Non-ulcerogenic; Quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside; Rheumatoid arthritis.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that there is no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
HPLC chromatogram and UV spectrals of major compounds detected in the ethanolic leaf extract of D. filix mas. A= Quercitrin (Rt=25.33 min, 998.90) and B=Kmpf-3-O-rham (Rt=27.37, 996.14)
Figure 2
Figure 2
HPLC chromatogram and UV spectrals of major compounds detected in ethyl acetate fraction of D. filix mas A=Caffeoylglycolic acid (Rt=11.63 min, 996.33) and B=Quercitrin (Rt=21.32 min, 997.46)
Figure 3
Figure 3
HPLC chromatogram and UV spectrals of major compounds detected in VLC-E7 fraction. A=Quercitrin (Rt=20.69 min, 998.30) and B=Kmpf-3-O-rham (Rt=22.69 min, 998.40)
Figure 4
Figure 4
HPLC chromatogram and UV spectrals of major compounds detected in in SPH-E6 fraction. A= Quercitrin (Rt=21.07 min, 998.31) and B= Kmpf-3-O-rahm (Rt=22.65 min, 994.79)
Figure 5
Figure 5
Structure of isolated compound, Quercetin-3O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
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