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. 2019 Jul 15;7(7):200.
doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7070200.

Metabolic Profiling and Cold-Starvation Stress Response of Oxygen-Tolerant Lactobacillus gasseri Strains Cultured in Batch Bioreactor

Diamante Maresca  1 , Francesca De Filippis  1 , Alessandro Robertiello  1 , Gianluigi Mauriello  2
Affiliations

Metabolic Profiling and Cold-Starvation Stress Response of Oxygen-Tolerant Lactobacillus gasseri Strains Cultured in Batch Bioreactor

Diamante Maresca et al. Microorganisms. .

Abstract

Phenotypic and genotypic evidence indicates that many LAB strains can grow in presence of oxygen and can shift from fermentative to aerobic and/or respiratory metabolism. The aerobic and respiratory growth of several LAB species have been studied, allowing the selection of strains showing improved biomass production, long-term survival, and resistance under oxygen and stress conditions. The aim of this work was to observe the adaptation of two Lactobacillus gasseri strains, described in a previous work, to aerobic (air injection) and respiratory (air injection plus hemin and menaquionone) conditions obtained in a batch bioreactor. One strain showed the higher biomass production and oxygen consumption as well as the lower acidification in respiratory condition. Instead, the other one grew better in aerobic condition, even though the higher resistance to cold-starvation stress was registered in respiratory condition. In silico analysis revealed notable differences between AL3 and AL5 genomes and that of the type strain. This work contributes to understanding the adaptation response of lactobacilli to aerobic and respiratory metabolism. We demonstrated that the supposed activation of respiratory metabolism may provide several modifications to cell physiology. These features may be relevant in some technological and health-promoting applications, including starter and probiotic formulations.

Keywords: aerobic and respiratory metabolism; cold-starvation stress; in silico analysis; lactic acid bacteria; tricarboxylic acid cycle.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Growth kinetic (OD650), dissolved oxygen concentration (DO%) and pH during aerobic (AE, panel A and C) and respiratory (RS, panel B and D) cultivation of Lb. gasseri AL3 in a batch bioreactor.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Growth kinetic (OD650), dissolved oxygen concentration (DO%) and pH during aerobic (AE, panel A and C) and respiratory (RS, panel B and D) cultivation of Lb. gasseri AL5 in a batch bioreactor.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Growth kinetic (OD650) and pH during anaerobic (AN, panel A) and aerobic (AE, panel B) cultivation of Lb. gasseri 20243T in a batch bioreactor.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Substrate consumption and metabolites production during aerobic (AE, panel A) and respiratory (RS, panel B) cultivation of Lb. gasseri AL3 in a batch bioreactor.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Substrate consumption and metabolites production during aerobic (AE, panel A) and respiratory (RS, panel B) cultivation of Lb. gasseri AL5 in a batch bioreactor.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Substrates consumption and metabolites production during anaerobic (AN, panel A) and aerobic (AE, panel B) cultivation of Lb. gasseri 20243T in a batch bioreactor.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Viable counts (Log CFU/mL) of Lb. gasseri AL3 and AL5 strains cultivated under aerobic (AE) and respiration (RS) conditions (A) and viable counts (Log CFU/mL) of Lb. gasseri DSM 20243T cultivated under anaerobic (AN) and aerobic (AE) conditions (B) along 28 days of starvation at 4 °C.
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