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Review
. 2019 Jul 16;12(1):78.
doi: 10.1186/s13045-019-0756-z.

Emerging trends in immunotherapy for pediatric sarcomas

Kyle A Dyson  1 , Brian D Stover  1   2 , Adam Grippin  1 , Hector R Mendez-Gomez  1 , Joanne Lagmay  2 , Duane A Mitchell  1 , Elias J Sayour  3   4
Affiliations
Review

Emerging trends in immunotherapy for pediatric sarcomas

Kyle A Dyson et al. J Hematol Oncol. .

Abstract

While promising, immunotherapy has yet to be fully unlocked for the preponderance of cancers where conventional chemoradiation reigns. This remains particularly evident in pediatric sarcomas where standard of care has not appreciably changed in decades. Importantly, pediatric bone sarcomas, like osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma, possess unique tumor microenvironments driven by distinct molecular features, as do rhabdomyosarcomas and soft tissue sarcomas. A better understanding of each malignancy's biology, heterogeneity, and tumor microenvironment may lend new insights toward immunotherapeutic targets in novel platform technologies for cancer vaccines and adoptive cellular therapy. These advances may pave the way toward new treatments requisite for pediatric sarcomas and patients in need of new therapies.

Keywords: Adoptive cellular therapy; CAR T cell therapy; Cancer vaccines; Checkpoint blockade; Ewing’s sarcoma; Immunotherapy; Osteosarcoma; Pediatric sarcoma; Rhabdomyosarcoma.

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Conflict of interest statement

Duane A. Mitchell holds ownership interest (including patents) in iOncologi, Inc. Duane A. Mitchell has patented immunotherapy-related technology that has been licensed by Annias Immunotherapeutics, Inc., Celldex Therapeutics, Inc., and Immunomic Therapeutics, Inc. The other authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Depiction of the Sarcoma Tumor Microenvironment
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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