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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2019 Jul 19;9(1):10532.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46931-0.

Genetic Polymorphisms in ADORA2A and CYP1A2 Influence Caffeine's Effect on Postprandial Glycaemia

N F Banks  1   2 , P M Tomko  1   2 , R J Colquhoun  1   2 , T W D Muddle  1   2 , S R Emerson  2   3 , N D M Jenkins  4   5
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Genetic Polymorphisms in ADORA2A and CYP1A2 Influence Caffeine's Effect on Postprandial Glycaemia

N F Banks et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

The liver enzyme cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) is responsible for 90% of caffeine metabolism, while caffeine exerts many of its effects via antagonist binding to adenosine A2a receptors (ADORA2A). This study aimed to examine whether functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 1976T > C (ADORA2A; rs5751876) and -163C > A (CYP1A2; rs762551) influence the effect of caffeine on the postprandial glucose (GLU) response to a carbohydrate meal. We report that individuals with the 1976T > C CC, but not CT/TT genotypes display elevated GLU levels after consuming caffeine and carbohydrate (CHO + CAFF) versus carbohydrate only (CHO). The GLU area under the curve (AUC) was also greater during the CHO + CAFF condition compared to the CHO condition in CC, but not the CT/TT genotypes. The -163C > A AC/CC, but not AA, genotypes displayed greater GLU concentrations 60-min post meal during CHO + CAFF versus CHO. Our data suggest that caffeine-induced impairments in postprandial glycaemia are related to 1976T > C and -163C > A SNPs.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A detailed overview of the study design. BW = Body Weight; CAFF = Caffeine; CHO = Carbohydrate; T = Time.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(A) The mean ± 95% CI glucose concentrations for the ADORA2A 1976CC versus CT/TT (denoted as T) genotypes during the carbohydrate only (CHO; orange data points) versus carbohydrate and caffeine (CHO + CAFF; black data points) conditions. (B) The mean (collapsed across time) ± 95 CI glucose concentrations for the 1976CC versus CT/TT genotypes during the carbohydrate only (closed black bars, orange circles) and carbohydrate and caffeine (open black bars, black circles) conditions. * indicates a significant difference between conditions for the CC genotype, p < 0.05.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The mean (collapsed across condition and genotype) ± 95% confidence interval glucose concentrations at BL, and 30- and 60-min post meal consumption. * indicates a significant difference between time points, p < 0.05.
Figure 4
Figure 4
The mean ± 95% confidence interval areas under the glucose concentration curve (AUC) during the carbohydrate (CHO; closed black bars, orange circles) versus carbohydrate and caffeine (CHO + CAFF; open black bars, black circles) conditions in the ADORA2A 1976CC versus CT/TT genotypes. * indicates a significant increase from the CHO to CHO + CAFF condition for the CC genotype, p < 0.05.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The mean ± 95% CI glucose concentrations for the CYP1A2 -163AA versus AC/CC (denoted as C) genotypes during the carbohydrate only (CHO; orange data points) versus carbohydrate and caffeine (CHO + CAFF; black data points) conditions. *Indicates difference between time points in both conditions; **Indicates difference between time points in the CHO condition only; †Indicates CHO + CAFF > CHO at 60 min in AC/CC genotype, p < 0.05.
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