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Review
. 2019 Jul 11;20(14):3417.
doi: 10.3390/ijms20143417.

Advances in the Uptake and Transport Mechanisms and QTLs Mapping of Cadmium in Rice

Jingguang Chen  1   2 , Wenli Zou  1 , Lijun Meng  3 , Xiaorong Fan  4 , Guohua Xu  2 , Guoyou Ye  1   5
Affiliations
Review

Advances in the Uptake and Transport Mechanisms and QTLs Mapping of Cadmium in Rice

Jingguang Chen et al. Int J Mol Sci. .

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd), as a heavy metal, presents substantial biological toxicity and has harmful effects on human health. To lower the ingress levels of human Cd, it is necessary for Cd content in food crops to be reduced, which is of considerable significance for ensuring food safety. This review will summarize the genetic traits of Cd accumulation in rice and examine the mechanism of Cd uptake and translocation in rice. The status of genes related to Cd stress and Cd accumulation in rice in recent years will be summarized, and the genes related to Cd accumulation in rice will be classified according to their functions. In addition, an overview of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) mapping populations in rice will be introduced, aiming to provide a theoretical reference for the breeding of rice varieties with low Cd accumulation. Finally, existing problems and prospects will be put forward.

Keywords: QTL location; absorption and transport; cadmium accumulation; mapping population; rice (Oryza sativa L.).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A schematic of cadmium transport from the soil to grains in rice. Cadmium is absorbed from the soil by the roots, and OsNramp1, OsNramp5, and OsCd1 mediate this process. OsHMA3 plays a key role in cadmium segregation to vacuoles in root cells and thus negatively regulates cadmium xylem loading. OsHMA2, OsCCX2, and CAL1 regulate cadmium transport to the xylem. OsLCT1 contributes to cadmium remobilization from leaf blades via the phloem and is likely to play a part in intervascular cadmium transfer at nodes.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Positions of cloned cadmium stress-related genes in rice chromosomes.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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