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. 2019 Jul 12;9(7):1006.
doi: 10.3390/nano9071006.

Achieving Secondary Dispersion of Modified Nanoparticles by Hot-Stretching to Enhance Dielectric and Mechanical Properties of Polyarylene Ether Nitrile Composites

Yong You  1 , Ling Tu  1 , Yajie Wang  1 , Lifen Tong  1 , Renbo Wei  2 , Xiaobo Liu  3
Affiliations

Achieving Secondary Dispersion of Modified Nanoparticles by Hot-Stretching to Enhance Dielectric and Mechanical Properties of Polyarylene Ether Nitrile Composites

Yong You et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

Enhanced dielectric and mechanical properties of polyarylene ether nitrile (PEN) are obtained through secondary dispersion of polyaniline functionalized barium titanate (PANI-f-BT) by hot-stretching. PANI-f-BT nanoparticles with different PANI content are successfully prepared via in-situ aniline polymerization technology. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic instrument (XPS) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results confirm that the PANI layers uniformly enclose on the surface of BaTiO3 nanoparticles. These nanoparticles are used as functional fillers to compound with PEN (PEN/PANI-f-BT) for studying its effect on the mechanical and dielectric performance of the obtained composites. In addition, the nanocomposites are uniaxial hot-stretched by 50% and 100% at 280 °C to obtain the oriented nanocomposite films. The results exhibit that the PANI-f-BT nanoparticles present good compatibility and dispersion in the PEN matrix, and the hot-stretching endows the second dispersion of PANI-f-BT in PEN resulting in enhanced mechanical properties, crystallinity and permittivity-temperature stability of the nanocomposites. The excellent performances of the nanocomposites indicate that a new approach for preparing high-temperature-resistant dielectric films is provided.

Keywords: hot-stretching; nanocomposites; secondary dispersion; surface-functionalization.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Experimental steps (a) and schematic diagram (b) of the polyaniline functionalized barium titanate (PANI-f-BT) nanoparticles.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of (a) barium titanate (BT) and (b) polyaniline functionalized barium titanate (PANI-f-BT-b); (c) Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum of BT and PANI-f-BT-b; (d) Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) curves of the nanofillers.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic instrument (XPS) spectrum of PANI-f-BT-b: (a) full scanned spectrum; (b) Ba3d; (c) Ti2p; (d) N1s.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of (a) PEN/BT; (b) PEN/PANI-f-BT-b; (c) PEN/PANI-f-BT-b hot-stretched by 50%; (d) PEN/PANI-f-BT-b hot-stretched by 100%.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The theoretical model of the evolution process of inner network during uniaxial stretching: (a) the original composite film, the composite film hot-stretched by (b) 50% and (c) 100%.
Figure 6
Figure 6
The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curves of nanocomposites with different stretching ratios: (a) PEN/BT; (b) PEN/PANI-f-BT-a; (c) PEN/PANI-f-BT-b; (d) PEN/PANI-f-BT-c.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The wide-angle XRD patterns of PEN/PANI-f-BT-b at different stretching ratios.
Figure 8
Figure 8
The mechanical properties of nanocomposite films at different stretching ratios: (a) tensile strength and (b) tensile modulus.
Figure 9
Figure 9
(a) Dielectric constant and (b) dielectric loss of the nanocomposites with the changing of frequency.
Figure 10
Figure 10
(a) Permittivity-temperature dependences and (b) temperature coefficients of dielectric constant of the nanocomposites; (c) permittivity-temperature dependences and (d) temperature coefficients of dielectric constant of PEN/PANI-f-BT-b at different stretching ratios.
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