The influence of tobramycin dosage regimens on nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and antibacterial efficacy in a rat model of subcutaneous abscess

Abstract

The influence of dosage regimen on the nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and antibacterial efficacy of tobramycin was assessed in Fisher rats with Pseudomonas aeruginosa subcutaneous abscesses. A subcutaneous tobramycin dose of 10 mg/kg every 4 h resulted in peak and trough serum concentrations that approximated those currently recommended for patients. Subsequently, the influence of this subcutaneous dosage regimen was compared with three other regimens that administered the same total daily dose: 20 mg every 8 h, 30 mg every 12 h, and 60 mg every 24 h. Renal injury was assessed by measuring inulin clearance and in vivo synthesis of renal DNA and by histopathology. Cochlear histology was also assessed. The number of P. aeruginosa per abscess was quantitated. In animals with infected abscesses, there was a consistent trend of greater kidney injury with the more-frequent dosage regimens. There was no evidence of cochlear toxicity in any group. All regimens were equally effective in reducing the number of P. aeruginosa in subcutaneous abscesses.