Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Observational Study
. 2019 Jul 25;23(1):263.
doi: 10.1186/s13054-019-2547-x.

Sex-specific differences in survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a nationwide, population-based observational study

Yoshikazu Goto  1 , Akira Funada  2 , Tetsuo Maeda  2 , Hirofumi Okada  2 , Yumiko Goto  3
Affiliations
Observational Study

Sex-specific differences in survival after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a nationwide, population-based observational study

Yoshikazu Goto et al. Crit Care. .

Abstract

Background: It remains unclear whether men have more favorable survival outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) than women.

Methods: We reviewed a total of 386,535 patients aged ≥ 18 years with OHCA who were included in the Japanese registry from 2013 to 2016. The study endpoints were the rates of 1-month survival and neurologically intact survival (Cerebral Performance Category Scale score = 1 or 2). Based on age, the reviewed patients were categorized into the following eight groups: < 30, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, 80-89, and ≥ 90 years. The survival outcomes in men and women were compared using hierarchical propensity score matching.

Results: The crude survival rate was significantly higher in men than in women in five groups: 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, and 70-79 years (all P < 0.001). Similarly, the crude neurologically intact survival rate was significantly higher in men than in women in seven groups: < 30, 30-39, 40-49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79, and 80-89 years (all P < 0.005). However, multivariate logistic regression analysis of each group revealed no significant sex-specific differences in 1-month survival outcomes (all P > 0.02). Moreover, after hierarchical propensity score matching, the survival outcomes did not significantly differ between both sexes (all P > 0.05).

Conclusions: No significant sex-specific differences were found in the rates of 1-month survival and neurologically intact survival after OHCA.

Keywords: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation; Epidemiology; Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest; Sex difference.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Study inclusion flowchart. EMS emergency medical services
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Adjusted OR of women compared with men for 1-month survival in unmatched patients by age. CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Adjusted OR of women compared with men for 1-month CPC 1–2 in unmatched patients by age. CI confidence interval, CPC Cerebral Performance Category scale, OR odds ratio
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
One-month survival rate in matched patients by age. a Survival rate. b Adjusted OR of women compared with men for 1-month survival. CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
One-month CPC 1–2 rate in matched patients by age. a CPC 1–2 rate. b Adjusted OR of women compared with men for 1-month CPC 1–2. CI confidence interval, CPC Cerebral Performance Category scale, OR odds ratio
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Goto Y, Maeda T, Nakatsu-Goto Y. Neurological outcomes in patients transported to hospital without a prehospital return of spontaneous circulation after cardiac arrest. Crit Care. 2013;17:R274. doi: 10.1186/cc13121. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Goto Y, Funada A, Goto Y. Relationship between the duration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and favorable neurological outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a prospective, nationwide, population-based cohort study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016;5:e002819. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Goto Y, Funada A, Goto Y. Relationship between emergency medical services response time and bystander intervention in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. J Am Heart Assoc. 2018;7:e007568. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.117.007568. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Sondergaard KB, Wissenberg M, Gerds TA, Rajan S, Karlsson L, Kragholm K, Pape M, Lippert FK, Gislason GH, Folke F, Torp-Pedersen C, Hansen SM. Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation and long-term outcomes in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest according to location of arrest. Eur Heart J. 2019;40:309–318. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy687. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Steg PG, Popovic B. Emergency coronary angiography after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: is it essential or futile? Circ Cardiovasc Interv. 2018;11:e006804. doi: 10.1161/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.118.006804. - DOI - PubMed

Publication types