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. 2019 Jul 17:18:11.
doi: 10.1186/s12991-019-0235-5. eCollection 2019.

Coping behaviors and depressive status in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Norio Yasui-Furukori  1   2 , Hiroshi Murakami  3 , Hideyuki Otaka  3 , Hirofumi Nakayama  3 , Masaya Murabayashi  3 , Satoru Mizushiri  3 , Koki Matsumura  3 , Jutaro Tanabe  3 , Yuki Matsuhashi  3 , Miyuki Yanagimachi  3 , Kazuhiko Nakamura  1 , Makoto Daimon  3 , Norio Sugawara  4   2
Affiliations

Coping behaviors and depressive status in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Norio Yasui-Furukori et al. Ann Gen Psychiatry. .

Abstract

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with a high prevalence of depression, which is influenced by personality traits and coping style. However, these psychological factors have not been well studied in individuals with T2DM. The association between coping behaviors and the reported levels of depressive symptoms was examined in individuals with T2DM.

Methods: The subjects were 435 T2DM patients (mean age 63.1 ± 12.6 years). Depressive status, personality traits and coping behaviors were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the Brief Scale for Coping Profile (BSCP). Lifestyle factors and glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in the patients were also included in the analyses.

Results: Among the 435 subjects with T2DM, 130 (29.9%) exhibited possible depression, and 68 (15.6%) displayed probable depression. After adjustment for confounders, logistic and multiple regression analyses revealed that certain coping profile scores, such as Changing one's point of view, Emotional expression involving others and Avoidance and suppression, were consistently and significantly associated with the presence and severity of depression. No relationship was found between depression and HbA1c.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that Maladaptive emotion-focused coping strategies, such as Emotional expression involving others and Avoidance and suppression, are protective factors and that Adaptive emotion-focused coping, such as Changing one's point of view, is a risk factor for depression in T2DM patients. Psychological intervention focusing on the coping profile may reduce depressive symptoms. Additional studies are needed to examine the relationships between psychological factors and depressive symptoms using a longitudinal study design.

Keywords: Coping behaviors; Cross-sectional studies; Depressive symptoms; Japanese; Type 2 diabetes.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interestsNorio Yasui-Furukori has been a speaker for Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharmaceutical, Mochida Pharmaceutical, and MSD. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, the decision to publish, or the preparation of the manuscript. The remaining authors declare that they have no competing interests.

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