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. 2019 May;54(3):268-274.
doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1692458. Epub 2019 Jun 27.

Flexor Tendon Injury: Avascular or Vascularized Region Suture? Biomechanical and Histopathological Study in Rabbits

Affiliations

Flexor Tendon Injury: Avascular or Vascularized Region Suture? Biomechanical and Histopathological Study in Rabbits

Trajano Sardenberg et al. Rev Bras Ortop (Sao Paulo). 2019 May.

Abstract

Objectives The present study aims to analyze the mechanical and histopathological aspects of flexor tendon healing focusing on the suture placement site in a vascular or in an avascular region. Methods A total of 83 rabbits were submitted to a Kessler-type central suture in the vascularized tendon region (TN group) and in the avascular tendon region (FC group). The operated limb was immobilized for 3 weeks. The animals were sacrificed in the immediate postoperative period, and at 2, 3 and 6 weeks after the procedure. The mechanical properties studied were: maximum load, stress at maximum load, modulus of elasticity, energy at maximum load, and energy per area. The contralateral tendon was used as control. The histopathological study was descriptive. Results The analysis of the mechanical properties showed similar behavior in both groups, with stabilization or discrete increased values between the immediate period and 3 weeks after the procedure, and marked increased values at 6 weeks. Histopathology demonstrated that the healing process was similar in the TN and FC groups. Conclusion Central suture placement in the vascularized or avascular fibrocartilaginous region results in no differences in the biomechanical and histopathological aspects of flexor tendon healing in rabbits.

Keywords: rabbits; sutures; tendon injuries.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflitos de Interesses Os autores declaram não haver conflitos de interesses.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
(A) Suture used in the normal, vascularized tendon (TN) group. (B) Suture used in the avascular fibrocartilage (CF) group. (C) Animal with immobilized operated pelvic limb.
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
(A) Sutura utilizada no grupo tendão normal vascularizado (TN). (B) Sutura utilizada no grupo fibrocartilagem avascular (FC). (C) Animal com o membro pélvico operado imobilizado.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Propriedades biomecânicas estruturais. (A) Medianas da Carga Máxima (N) dos grupos TN e FC, lado operado, nos quatro momentos experimentais; (B) Medianas da Energia na Carga Máxima (N.10 –3 m) dos grupos TN e FC, lado operado, nos quatro momentos experimentais.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Propriedades biomecânicas materiais. (A) Medianas da Tensão na Carga Máxima (MPa) dos grupos TN e FC, lado operado, nos quatro momentos experimentais; (B) Medianas do Módulo de Elasticidade (MPa) dos grupos TN e FC, lado operado, nos quatro momentos experimentais; (C) Medianas da Energia/Área (N.mm/mm2) dos grupos TN e FC, lado operado, nos quatro momentos experimentais.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
(A) Duas semanas de pós-operatório – espaço entre os cotos encontra-se preenchido por tecido de granulação com discreto edema intersticial e infiltrado inflamatório mononuclear; observa-se, à esquerda do espaço, tecido de granulação a partir do interstício das fibras tendíneas do coto (Hematoxilina-eosina – aumento original 100x); (B) Três semanas de pós-operatório - presença de colágeno denso com intensa refringência no coto tendíneo (*), em continuidade com deposição de colágeno menos refringente e mais delicado, no espaço entre os cotos tendíneos(♢) (picrossírius red com luz polarizada – aumento original 100x); (C) Seis semanas de pós- operatório – há distinção entre o colágeno do coto (*), mais denso e refringente, em relação ao colágeno cicatricial, mais delicado, menos refringente e com arranjo paralelo ao eixo longitudinal do tendão (♢) (picrossírius red com luz polarizada – aumento original 100x).

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