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. 2020 Apr;108(3):1010-1021.
doi: 10.1002/jbm.b.34453. Epub 2019 Aug 1.

Urethroplasty with a bilayered poly-D,L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone scaffold seeded with allogenic mesenchymal stem cells

Natalia M Yudintceva  1 , Yulia A Nashchekina  1 , Nataliya A Mikhailova  1 , Tatiana I Vinogradova  2 , Petr K Yablonsky  2   3 , Anna A Gorelova  2   4 , Alexandr N Muraviov  2   5 , Andrey V Gorelov  3   6 , Igor A Samusenko  7 , Boris P Nikolaev  8 , Ludmila Y Yakovleva  8 , Maxim A Shevtsov  1   9   10   11
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Urethroplasty with a bilayered poly-D,L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone scaffold seeded with allogenic mesenchymal stem cells

Natalia M Yudintceva et al. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater. 2020 Apr.

Abstract

Reconstructive surgery for urethral defects employing tissue-engineered scaffolds represents an alternative treatment for urethroplasty. The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of the bilayer poly-D,L-lactide/poly-ε-caprolactone (PL-PC) scaffold seeded with allogenic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for urethra reconstruction in a rabbit model with conventional urethroplasty employing an autologous buccal mucosa graft (BG). The inner layer of the scaffold based on poly-D,L-lactic acid (PL) was seeded with MSCs, while the outer layer, prepared from poly-ε-caprolactone, protected the surrounding tissues from urine. To track the MSCs in vivo, the latter were labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. In rabbits, a dorsal penile defect was reconstructed employing a BG or a PL-PC graft seeded with nanoparticle-labeled MSCs. In the 12-week follow-up period, no complications were detected. Subsequent histological analysis demonstrated biointegration of the PL-PC graft with surrounding urethral tissues. Less fibrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration were observed in the experimental group as compared with the BG group. Nanoparticle-labeled MSCs were detected in the urothelium and muscular layer, co-localizing with the urothelium cytokeratin marker AE1/AE3, indicating the possibility of MSC differentiation into neo-urothelium. Our results suggest that a bilayer MSCs-seeded scaffold could be efficiently employed for urethroplasty.

Keywords: bilayer scaffold; buccal graft; mesenchymal stem cells; superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles; urethral substitution.

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References

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