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Review
. 2019 Jul-Aug;62(4):298-302.
doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.07.003. Epub 2019 Aug 1.

Diabetes, heart failure, and renal dysfunction: The vicious circles

Eugene Braunwald  1
Affiliations
Review

Diabetes, heart failure, and renal dysfunction: The vicious circles

Eugene Braunwald. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2019 Jul-Aug.

Abstract

The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has reached pandemic proportions. T2DM frequently causes macrovascular and/or microvascular pathologic changes and thereby increases the risks for the development of myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, renal failure, and reduced survival. This article describes the important interactions between T2DM, heart failure, and renal dysfunction, forming vicious circles. The interruption of these circles represents important therapeutic goals.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; Chronic kidney disease; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetic kidney disease; Heart failure; Type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Comment in

  • Cardiovascular Statistics 2021.
    Lavie CJ. Lavie CJ. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2021 Jul-Aug;67:114-115. doi: 10.1016/j.pcad.2021.07.012. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2021. PMID: 34412825 No abstract available.

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