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Meta-Analysis
. 2019 Nov;75(11):1471-1480.
doi: 10.1007/s00228-019-02730-0. Epub 2019 Aug 3.

m-TOR inhibitors and risk of Pneumocystis pneumonia after solid organ transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Maryam Ghadimi  1 , Zinat Mohammadpour  2 , Simin Dashti-Khavidaki  3   4 , Alireza Milajerdi  5
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

m-TOR inhibitors and risk of Pneumocystis pneumonia after solid organ transplantation: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Maryam Ghadimi et al. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2019 Nov.

Abstract

Purpose: Although there is controversy, some evidences proposed increased risk of post-transplant Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in patients receiving mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors. This study aimed to examine the association between m-TOR inhibitors and the risk of developing PCP in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients.

Methods: A comprehensive search was performed to find the eligible studies that investigated the incidence of PCP in patients treated with mTOR inhibitors after SOT. Random effect model was applied for meta-analysis.

Results: Combination of 15 effect sizes showed a significant positive association between mTOR inhibitor administration and the risk of PCP (OR = 1.90, 95%CIs = 1.44, 2.75). There was no heterogeneity between studies (I2 = 3.5%). Subgroup analysis revealed increased risk of PCP after the first year of transplantation (P < 0.001).

Conclusion: In conclusion, administration of mTOR inhibitors is a potential risk factor for late-onset PCP after SOT. Targeted PCP prophylaxis based on recipients' risk factors rather universal prophylaxis may lessen the risk.

Keywords: Everolimus; Meta-analysis; Pneumocystis pneumonia; Sirolimus; Solid organ transplant; mTOR inhibitors.

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