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Review
. 2019 Sep;46(3):501-514.
doi: 10.1016/j.ogc.2019.04.008. Epub 2019 Jun 21.

Menopause: Hormones, Lifestyle, and Optimizing Aging

Mary Jane Minkin  1
Affiliations
Review

Menopause: Hormones, Lifestyle, and Optimizing Aging

Mary Jane Minkin. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am. 2019 Sep.

Abstract

Although American women spend approximately 30% to 40% of their lives in menopause, a state defined by the cessation of estrogen production by the ovaries, obstetricians and gynecologists in North America receive little formal education about menopausal health. Hormonal therapy has been available for more than 75 years; however, controversies surrounding its use have impacted training of care providers in all specialties. This article offers updates on care for menopausal women, focusing on symptomatology and health issues that arise related to the decline in all reproductive hormones. Lifestyle adaptations and nonmedical approaches, and nonhormonal and hormonal medications are discussed.

Keywords: GSM; Genitourinary syndrome of menopause; Hormone therapy; Menopause; Vasomotor symptoms.

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