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Review
. 2019 Jul 17:10:772.
doi: 10.3389/fneur.2019.00772. eCollection 2019.

ADAMTS13: An Emerging Target in Stroke Therapy

Xin Chen  1 , Xin Cheng  2 , Shufan Zhang  1 , Danhong Wu  1
Affiliations
Review

ADAMTS13: An Emerging Target in Stroke Therapy

Xin Chen et al. Front Neurol. .

Abstract

Thrombosis is the predominant underlying mechanism of acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Though thrombolysis with tPA has been proven to be effective in treating AIS within the time window, the majority of AIS patients fail to receive tPA due to various reasons. Current medical therapies for AIS have limited efficacy and pose a risk of intracerebral hemorrhage. ADAMTS13 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with a thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13) is a metalloprotease that effectively breaks down the von Willebrand Factor (VWF), a key factor in thrombus formation. Previous studies have proven that dysfunction of ADAMTS13 is associated with many diseases. Recently, ADAMTS13 has been reported to be closely related to stroke. In this review, we briefly described the structure of ADAMTS13 and its role in thrombosis, inflammation, as well as angiogenesis. We then focused on the relationship between ADAMTS13 and AIS, ranging from ischemic stroke occurrence, to AIS treatment and prognosis. Based on research findings from in vitro, animal, and clinical studies, we propose that ADAMTS13 is a potential biomarker to guide appropriate treatment for ischemic stroke and a promising therapeutic agent for tPA resistant thrombi.

Keywords: ADAMTS13; VWF; ischemic stroke; physiological function; structure.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Structure of ADAMTS13. S, signal peptide domain; P, short propeptide domain; MP, metalloprotease domain; Dis, disintegrin-like domain; 1, thrombospondin-1 repeat (TSP1) domain; Cys, characteristic Cysteine -rich domain; Spacer, spacer domain; CUB, CUB domains.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Structure of VWF. D1,D2: pro-VWF, D'D3: FVIII, A1: GPIbα protein addition site, A2: ADAMTS13 cleaving site, A3: collagen.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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