Tetracycline Allergy

Abstract

Despite the widespread use of tetracycline antibiotics since the late 1940s, tetracycline hypersensitivity reactions have rarely been described in the literature. A comprehensive PubMed search was performed, including allergic and serious adverse reactions attributed to the tetracyclines class of antibiotics. Of the evaluated tetracycline analogs, minocycline was attributed to the greatest overall number and severity of serious adverse events reported in the literature, with notable reactions primarily reported as respiratory and dermatologic in nature. Reactions to tetracycline have also been well described in the literature, and although dermatologic reactions are typically less severe in comparison with minocycline and doxycycline, various reports of anaphylactic reactions exist. Although doxycycline has been noted to have had the fewest reports of severe allergic reactions, rare descriptions of life-threatening reactions are still reported in the literature. Allergic reactions regarding tetracyclines are rare; however, adverse reaction type, severity, and frequency among different tetracycline analogs is somewhat variable. A consideration of hypersensitivity and adverse reaction incidence should be performed prior to the selection of individual tetracycline entities.

Keywords: allergic reaction; allergy; doxycycline; minocycline; tetracycline.