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. 2019 Aug 4;10(8):589.
doi: 10.3390/genes10080589.

Breed, Diet, and Interaction Effects on Adipose Tissue Transcriptome in Iberian and Duroc Pigs Fed Different Energy Sources

Rita Benítez  1 , Nares Trakooljul  2 , Yolanda Núñez  1 , Beatriz Isabel  3 , Eduard Murani  2 , Eduardo De Mercado  4 , Emilio Gómez-Izquierdo  4 , Juan García-Casco  1 , Clemente López-Bote  3 , Klaus Wimmers  2 , Cristina Óvilo  5
Affiliations

Breed, Diet, and Interaction Effects on Adipose Tissue Transcriptome in Iberian and Duroc Pigs Fed Different Energy Sources

Rita Benítez et al. Genes (Basel). .

Abstract

In this study, we analyzed the effects of breed, diet energy source, and their interaction on adipose tissue transcriptome in growing Iberian and Duroc pigs. The study comprised 29 Iberian and 19 Duroc males, which were kept under identical management conditions except the nutritional treatment. Two isoenergetic diets were used with 6% high oleic sunflower oil (HO) or carbohydrates (CH) as energy sources. All animals were slaughtered after 47 days of treatment at an average live weight of 51.2 kg. Twelve animals from each breed (six fed each diet) were employed for ham subcutaneous adipose tissue RNA-Seq analysis. The data analysis was performed using two different bioinformatic pipelines. We detected 837 and 1456 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) according to breed, depending on the pipeline. Due to the strong effect of breed on transcriptome, the effect of the diet was separately evaluated in the two breeds. We identified 207 and 57 DEGs depending on diet in Iberian and Duroc pigs, respectively. A joint analysis of both effects allowed the detection of some breed-diet interactions on transcriptome, which were inferred from RNA-Seq and quantitative PCR data. The functional analysis showed the enrichment of functions related to growth and tissue development, inflammatory response, immune cell trafficking, and carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and allowed the identification of potential regulators. The results indicate different effects of diet on adipose tissue gene expression between breeds, affecting relevant biological pathways.

Keywords: Iberian pig; adipose tissue; breed; diet; inflammation; interaction; nutrigenomics; transcriptome.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Regulator effects networks predicted as activated in Iberian pigs.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Regulator effects network predicted as activated in Duroc pigs.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Predicted causal network for the DEG and master regulator SERPINE1.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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