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. 2019 Aug 7;9(8):1136.
doi: 10.3390/nano9081136.

Impact of Graphene Work Function on the Electronic Structures at the Interface between Graphene and Organic Molecules

Haitao Wang  1 , Xiangdong Yang  1 , Weidong Dou  2 , Peng Wang  3 , Quanlin Ye  1 , Xuxin Yang  1 , Baoxing Li  4 , Hongying Mao  5
Affiliations

Impact of Graphene Work Function on the Electronic Structures at the Interface between Graphene and Organic Molecules

Haitao Wang et al. Nanomaterials (Basel). .

Abstract

The impact of graphene work function (WF) on the electronic structure at the graphene/organic interface has been investigated. WF manipulation of graphene is realized using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) with different end groups. With this method, the upper surface of the functionalized graphene remains intact, and thus precludes changes of molecular orientation and packing structures of subsequently deposited active materials. The WF of NH2-SAM functionalized graphene is ~3.90 eV. On the other hand, the WF of graphene increases to ~5.38 eV on F-SAM. By tuning the WF of graphene, an upward band bending is found at the ZnPc/graphene interface on F-SAM. At the interface between C60 and NH2-SAM modified graphene, a downward band bending is observed.

Keywords: band bending; graphene; self-assembled monolayers; work function.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
UPS spectra at the (a) low kinetic energy region and (b) low binding energy region for NH2-SAM and F-SAM on SiO2 substrates, respectively; XPS spectra of (c) N 1s for NH2-SAM, and (d) F 1s and (e) C 1s for F-SAM.
Figure 2
Figure 2
UPS spectra at the (a) low kinetic energy region and (b) low binding energy region for graphene on NH2-SAM, SiO2, and F-SAM.
Figure 3
Figure 3
UPS spectra for the growth of ZnPc on (a) graphene/F-SAM and (b) graphene/ NH2-SAM.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Energy level diagrams of (a) ZnPc/graphene on F-SAM, (b) ZnPc/graphene, and (c) ZnPc/graphene on NH2-SAM.
Figure 5
Figure 5
UPS spectra for the growth of C60 on (a) graphene/F-SAM and (b) graphene/NH2-SAM.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Energy level diagrams of (a) C60/graphene on F-SAM, (b) C60/graphene, and (c) C60/graphene on NH2-SAM.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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