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. 2019 Aug 9;365(6453):578-582.
doi: 10.1126/science.aaw8109.

Ultrahigh-energy density lead-free dielectric films via polymorphic nanodomain design

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Ultrahigh-energy density lead-free dielectric films via polymorphic nanodomain design

Hao Pan et al. Science. .

Abstract

Dielectric capacitors with ultrahigh power densities are fundamental energy storage components in electrical and electronic systems. However, a long-standing challenge is improving their energy densities. We report dielectrics with ultrahigh energy densities designed with polymorphic nanodomains. Guided by phase-field simulations, we conceived and synthesized lead-free BiFeO3-BaTiO3-SrTiO3 solid-solution films to realize the coexistence of rhombohedral and tetragonal nanodomains embedded in a cubic matrix. We obtained minimized hysteresis while maintaining high polarization and achieved a high energy density of 112 joules per cubic centimeter with a high energy efficiency of ~80%. This approach should be generalizable for designing high-performance dielectrics and other functional materials that benefit from nanoscale domain structure manipulation.

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