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Comparative Study
. 2019 Aug 8;16(16):2835.
doi: 10.3390/ijerph16162835.

The Effect of Static and Dynamic Stretching Exercises on Sprint Ability of Recreational Male Volleyball Players

Foteini Alipasali  1 , Sophia D Papadopoulou  2 , Ioannis Gissis  1 , Georgios Komsis  1 , Stergios Komsis  1 , Angelos Kyranoudis  3 , Beat Knechtle  4 , Pantelis T Nikolaidis  5
Affiliations
Comparative Study

The Effect of Static and Dynamic Stretching Exercises on Sprint Ability of Recreational Male Volleyball Players

Foteini Alipasali et al. Int J Environ Res Public Health. .

Abstract

The aim of the present trial was to investigate the effect of two stretching programs, a dynamic and a static one, on the sprint ability of recreational volleyball players. The sample consisted of 27 male recreational volleyball players (age 21.6 ± 2.1 years, mean ± standard deviation, body mass 80.3 ± 8.9 kg, height 1.82 ± 0.06 m, body mass index 24.3 ± 2.5 kg.m-2, volleyball experience 7.7 ± 2.9 years). Participants were randomly divided into three groups: (a) the first performing dynamic stretching exercises three times per week, (b) the second following a static stretching protocol on the same frequency, and (c) the third being the control group, abstaining from any stretching protocol. The duration of the stretching exercise intervention period was 6 weeks, with all groups performing baseline and final field sprinting tests at 4.5 and 9 m. The post-test sprint times were faster in both the 4.5 (p = 0.027, η2 = 0.188) and 9 m tests (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.605) compared to the pre-test values. A large time × group interaction was shown in both the 4.5 (p = 0.007, η2 = 0.341) and 9 m tests (p = 0.004, η2 = 0.363) with the static and dynamic stretching groups being faster in the post-test than in the pre-test, whereas no change was found in the control group. The percentage change in the 4.5 m sprint time correlated with volleyball experience (r = -0.38, p = 0.050), i.e., the longer the volleyball experience, the larger the improvement in the 4.5 m sprint. Thus, it is concluded that both stretching techniques have a positive effect on the velocity of recreational male volleyball players, when performed at a frequency of three times per week for 6 weeks under the same conditions as defined in the study protocol.

Keywords: dynamic stretching; static stretching; velocity; volleyball; warm-up.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Static stretching protocol exercises of the (a) posterior tibial, (b) front crural, (c) posterior crural, (d) gluteus, (e) iliopsoas, and (f) topside muscles.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dynamic stretching protocol exercises of the (a) posterior tibial, (b,c) topside, (d,e) iliopsoas, (f,g) front and (h,i) posterior crural, and (j,k) gluteal muscles.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Sprint tests procedure.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Individual changes in the 4.5 m sprint time by experimental group and percentage change (Δ%).
Figure 5
Figure 5
Individual changes in the 9 m sprint time by experimental group and percentage change (Δ%).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Relationship of percentage change (Δ%) from pre-test to post-test between sprint ability and volleyball experience.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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