[Interventional management of atrial fibrillation]

Abstract

In 2030, the European Union will include 14 to 17 million atrial fibrillation (AF) patients, with 120,000 to 215,000 new cases each year. The increase in the prevalence of this arrhythmia has led to the development of new therapeutic intervention strategies to manage the different aspects of this disease. Thus, endocavitary or epicardial ablation of AF, by radiofrequency or cryoablation, provides superior results to antiarrhythmic therapy in controlling symptoms and preventing heart failure in paroxysmal or persistent AF. In heart failure patients with advanced AF, the ablation of the atrioventricular junction associated with the implantation of a bi-ventricular pacemaker has just demonstrated its clear superiority, bringing this technique up to date. Finally, in the event of a major bleeding risk and contraindication to anticoagulants, percutaneous occlusion of the left atrium has proven its value in preventing AF-related embolic events. The future will certainly see the emergence of new technologies but also personalized strategies based on an optimal selection of the right candidates for these interventions, thanks in particular to the contribution of imaging before the procedure.

Keywords: Ablation; Atrial fibrillation; Electrophysiology; Fermeture d’auricule gauche; Fibrillation atriale; Left appendage occlusion; Rythmologie.