Levels of evidence in the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines: Gaps in knowledge?

Massimo F Piepoli^{1

2}, Claudio Ceconi³

Affiliations

¹ Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy.
² Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
³ U.O. Cardiologia, ASST Garda, Desenzano del Garda, Italy.

Editorial

Massimo F Piepoli et al. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019 Dec.

. 2019 Dec;26(18):1941-1943.

doi: 10.1177/2047487319869414. Epub 2019 Aug 12.

Massimo F Piepoli^{1

2}, Claudio Ceconi³

¹ Heart Failure Unit, Cardiology, Guglielmo da Saliceto Hospital, Piacenza, Italy.
² Institute of Life Sciences, Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, Pisa, Italy.
³ U.O. Cardiologia, ASST Garda, Desenzano del Garda, Italy.

No abstract available

Comment on

A systematic breakdown of the levels of evidence supporting the European Society of Cardiology guidelines.
van Dijk WB, Grobbee DE, de Vries MC, Groenwold RHH, van der Graaf R, Schuit E. van Dijk WB, et al. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019 Dec;26(18):1944-1952. doi: 10.1177/2047487319868540. Epub 2019 Aug 14. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2019. PMID: 31409110 Free PMC article.