Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2018 Jul 19;5(3):230-237.
doi: 10.1016/j.ijnss.2018.06.003. eCollection 2018 Jul 10.

Strategies for recruiting a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes from primary care clinics in rural Appalachia: Incorporating cultural competence

Roger Carpenter  1 , Laurie A Theeke  1
Affiliations

Strategies for recruiting a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes from primary care clinics in rural Appalachia: Incorporating cultural competence

Roger Carpenter et al. Int J Nurs Sci. .

Erratum in

Abstract

Background: Recruiting research participants from primary care in rural Appalachia is a major challenge and can be influenced by cultural characteristics, making it critically important to incorporate strategies of cultural competence in the overall design of clinical research.

Objectives: The purpose of this paper is to describe culturally competent strategies used for recruitment and data collection with a sample of adults with type 2 diabetes from primary care settings in Appalachia.

Design: The Purnell model of cultural competence and relevant literature served as a framework for study design. Four overarching approaches informed the organization of recruitment strategies and development of the data collection plan.

Procedures: The approaches included selection of research sites, establishing collaborations, sustaining collaborative relationships, and enhancing understanding of benefits of participation. Four recruitment sites were selected based on potential to enhance diversification of participants; multiple steps were included in each of the three remaining approaches to build relationships and gain participation. A study log was maintained to provide evaluation data.

Results: Recruitment took 14 months and a sample of 102 subjects provided consent with 101 participants providing complete data. Demographics were representative of the region except that African American participation was higher (6.9%) compared to current north central Appalachia (3%). Over 72% of participants indicated they would be interested in participating in future studies.

Conclusions: These findings emphasize the importance of employing strategies for cultural competence in study design. Use of concepts from the Purnell model led to enhanced representativeness and potential for subsequent generalizability.

Keywords: Adult; Appalachian region; Cultural characteristics; Cultural competency; Diabetes mellitus, Type 2; Primary health care; Recruitment.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

    1. Reed R.L., Barton C.A., Isherwood L.M., Oliver-Baxter J.M., Roeger L. Recruitment for a clinical trial of chronic disease self-management for older adults with multimorbidity: a successful approach within general practice. BMC Fam Pract. 2013;14(125):1–7. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Murphy M., Merenstein D. Grassroots campaign trail methods to recruit for clinical trials: recruitment lessons learned from trail to trial. Clinical Medicine Insights. 2011;5:1–7. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Ward E., Bower P., Collier D., Delaney B., Graffy J., Kinmonth A., Miller J., Wallace P. National Institute for Health Research; Manchester, United Kingdom: 2010. Primary care research recruitment: a practical guide.
    1. Ngune I., Jiwa M., Dadich A., Lotriet J., Sriram D. Effective recruitment strategies in primary care: a systematic review. Qual Prim Care. 2012;20:115–123. - PubMed
    1. Bowers P., Wilson S., Mathers N. How often do UK primary care trials face recruitment delays? Fam Pract. 2007;24:601–603. - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources