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. 2019 Jan-Feb;60(1):22-26.
doi: 10.4103/nmj.NMJ_29_19.

The Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Infection among Blood Donors in Lagos, Nigeria

Akinsegun Akinbami  1 , Mulikat Badiru  1 , Ebele Uche  1 , Charles Onyekwere  2 , Kamal Ismail  1 , Olusola Olowoselu  3 , Esther Oluwole  4 , Aisha Suleiman  5 , Benjamin Augustine  5 , Hakeem Olaosebikan  2
Affiliations

The Prevalence of Occult Hepatitis B Infection among Blood Donors in Lagos, Nigeria

Akinsegun Akinbami et al. Niger Med J. 2019 Jan-Feb.

Abstract

Background: In occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV DNA is present in the blood or liver tissue in patients negative for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) with or without anti-HBV antibodies. Thus, the absence of HBsAg in the blood only reduces the risk of transmission and is not sufficient enough to ensure the absence of HBV infection.

Aim: This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of occult HBV infection among blood donors in Lagos.

Study designs: A cross-sectional study was done among 101 consenting blood donors at Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Ikeja, between November 2016 and January 2017.

Materials and methods: HBV DNA analysis and viral load were done at the Molecular Laboratory of National Sickle Cell Centre, Idi Araba, Lagos, for all the HBsAg negative blood donors screened by rapid kit at Ikeja.

Results: The prevalence of occult HBV DNA among the participants was 3% consisting of 3% prevalence of HBV DNA surface antigen and 0% prevalence for precore and core of the HBV DNA.

Conclusion: The low prevalence (3%) of occult HBV seen in our study does not make it cost-effective to routinely screen blood donors or the general population for HBV infection using DNA polymerase chain reaction.

Keywords: Blood donors; hepatitis B surface antigen; hepatitis B virus DNA.

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Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Agarose gel representation of hepatitis B surface antigen showing positive and negative controls and negative test samples. Agarose gel representation of hepatitis B surface antigen showing positive and negative controls and negative test samples: Lane M – Molecular weight marker (low range); Lane 1-7 – negative test samples; Lanes 8 and 9 – Positive control samples; and Lanes 10 and 11 – Negative control samples
Figure 2
Figure 2
Agarose gel representation of hepatitis B surface antigen showing three positive samples with controls. Agarose gel representation of hepatitis B surface antigen showing three positive samples with controls: Lane M – Molecular weight marker (low range); Lanes 1, 5, and 6 – positive samples; Lanes 2–4 and 7–8 are negative test samples; Lanes 9 and 10 – Positive control samples; and Lane 11 – Negative control sample
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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