Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2019 Sep;32(5):e13063.
doi: 10.1111/dth.13063. Epub 2019 Aug 29.

Possible role of interleukin 21 and interleukin 33 in patients with genital warts

Mohammed Abu El-Hamd  1 , Hanan Abdel Rady Assaf  1 , Ahmed Sedky  2 , Shrouk Haggag Mohammad  3
Affiliations

Possible role of interleukin 21 and interleukin 33 in patients with genital warts

Mohammed Abu El-Hamd et al. Dermatol Ther. 2019 Sep.

Abstract

Genital warts (GWs) are most prevalent sexually transmitted infections, presenting especially among the sexually active young population of both sexes. Efficient cell-mediated immunity is needed for regression of GWs. To clarify the reactivity of cellular immunity among patients with GWs by means of measurements of their levels of serum interleukin (IL)-21 and IL-33, hence, to identify the possible role of IL-21 and IL-33 in GWs, this study aimed to evaluate serum levels of IL-21 and IL-33 among patients with GWs in comparison with the results of the controls. Levels of serum IL-21 and IL-33 were assayed utilizing commercially enzyme-linked immune-sorbent assay kits in 45 patients with GWs and 45 healthy control subjects. Levels of serum IL-21 and IL-33 were significantly decreased among patients with GWs in comparison with the controls (p < .0001). There was a highly significant positive correlation between IL-21 and IL-33 (r = .73, p < .0001). Low levels of serum IL-21 and IL-33 could have a contributive role in development, persistence, severity, and recurrence of GWs which rely basically on the defectiveness of cell-mediated immunity. This could receive new light on nonconventional strategies for the prospective medical therapies of GWs by means of regulation of IL-21 and IL-33.

Keywords: genital warts; interleukin 21; interleukin 33.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

REFERENCES

    1. Atwa, M. A., Youssef, N., & Bayoumy, N. M. (2016). T-helper 17 cytokines (interleukins 17, 21, 22, and 6, and tumor necrosis factor-α) in patients with alopecia areata: Association with clinical type and severity. International Journal of Dermatology, 55(6), 666-672.
    1. Botti, E., Spallone, G., Caruso, R., Monteleone, G., Chimenti, S., & Costanzo, A. (2012). Psoriasis, from pathogenesis to therapeutic strategies: IL-21 as a novel potential therapeutic target. Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, 13(10), 1861-1867.
    1. Bzhalava, D., Guan, P., Franceschi, S., Dillner, J., & Clifford, G. (2013). A systematic review of the prevalence of mucosal and cutaneous human papillomavirus types. Virology, 445(1-2), 224-231.
    1. Chtanova, T., Tangye, S. G., Newton, R., Frank, N., Hodge, M. R., Rolph, M. S., & Mackay, C. R. (2004). T follicular helper cells express a distinctive transcriptional profile, reflecting their role as non-Th1/Th2 effector cells that provide help for B cells. Journal of Immunology, 173(1), 68-67.
    1. Coquet, J. M., Kyparissoudis, K., Pellicci, D. G., Besra, G., Berzins, S. P., Smyth, M. J., & Godfrey, D. I. (2007). IL-21 is produced by NKT cells and modulates NKT cell activation and cytokine production. Journal of Immunology, 178(5), 2827-2834.

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources