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. 2019 Oct 1:234:116753.
doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116753. Epub 2019 Aug 13.

Peristrophe roxburghiana leaf extracts exhibited anti-hypertensive and anti-lipidemic properties in L-NAME hypertensive rats

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Peristrophe roxburghiana leaf extracts exhibited anti-hypertensive and anti-lipidemic properties in L-NAME hypertensive rats

Esther Oluwasola Aluko et al. Life Sci. .

Abstract

Aims: Hypertension is a global disease that has been combating the world health for ages. Peristrophe roxburghiana (PR) is used in traditional medicine to treat hypertension and other ailments. The present study examined phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activities and GC-MS analysis of extracts of PR leaf and also evaluated their anti-hypertensive and anti-lipidemic effects in NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) hypertensive rats.

Methods: Wistar rats were grouped into two groups: control and hypertensive. Hypertension was induced in the hypertensive group by oral gavage of 60 mg/kg b.w of L-NAME for 3 weeks. After induction, the hypertensive group was randomly sub-grouped into hypertensive, hypertensive treated and hypertensive untreated groups. These were orally gavaged respectively with 60 mg/kg b.w of L-NAME, 60 mg/kg b.w/day of L-NAME +200 mg/kg b.w of different extracts of PR (aqueous, ethanolic and methanolic extracts) and 60 mg/kg b.w of L-NAME +20 mg/kg b.w ramipril for 3 weeks. The blood pressure was measured by tail-cuff method at the third and sixth weeks.

Key findings: The results showed that the extracts of PR significantly decrease blood pressure, pro-atherogenic lipids and atherogenic ratios in L-NAME hypertensive rats. White blood cells count, neutrophil count and creatinine level were also effectively decreased by the extracts. Furthermore, the extracts increase serum nitric oxide (NO) level, anti-atherogenic lipid, glutathione level, lymphocyte and platelet count in the rats.

Significance: Extracts of PR leaf decrease blood pressure and increase NO level in L-NAME hypertensive rats and also corrected the hyperlipidemia and inflammatory response arising from the reduction in NO bioavailability.

Keywords: Blood pressure; Lipid contents; Nitric oxide; Nitric oxide synthase inhibitor; Peristrophe roxburghiana.

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