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. 2019 Jul 17:10:488.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00488. eCollection 2019.

Validation of the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers in an Italian Clinical Sample of Young Children With Autism and Other Developmental Disorders

Liliana Ruta  1   2 , Flavia Chiarotti  3 , Giuseppe Maurizio Arduino  4 , Fabio Apicella  2 , Elisa Leonardi  1 , Roberta Maggio  5 , Cristina Carrozza  1 , Natasha Chericoni  2 , Valeria Costanzo  2 , Nazarena Turco  4 , Gennaro Tartarisco  1 , Antonella Gagliano  5 , Carrie Allison  6 , Simon Baron Cohen  6 , Giovanni Pioggia  1 , Filippo Muratori  2   7
Affiliations

Validation of the Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers in an Italian Clinical Sample of Young Children With Autism and Other Developmental Disorders

Liliana Ruta et al. Front Psychiatry. .

Abstract

Background: The Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (Q-CHAT) is parent-report screening questionnaire for detecting threshold and sub-threshold autistic features in toddlers. The Q-CHAT is a dimensional measure normally distributed in the general population sample and is able to differentiate between a group of children with a diagnosis of autism and unselected toddlers. Objectives: We aim to investigate the psychometric properties, score distribution, and external validity of the Q-CHAT in an Italian clinical sample of young children with autism versus children with developmental delay and typically developing children. Method: N = 126 typically developing children (TD), n = 139 children with autism, and n = 50 children presenting developmental delay (DD) were administered the Q-CHAT. Standardized measures of cognitive functions, language, and behaviors were also obtained. Results: The Q-CHAT scores were normally distributed and demonstrated adequate internal consistency and good item to total score correlations. The mean Q-CHAT score in the autism group was significantly higher than those found in the DD sample and TD children. No difference on the mean Q-CHAT score between DD and TD children was found. The accuracy of the Q-CHAT to discriminate between autism and TD was very good. Two different cut-points (27 and 31, respectively) maximized sensitivity and specificity for autism versus TD and DD, respectively. Finally, higher Q-CHAT scores were correlated with lower language and social communication skills. Conclusions: In clinical settings, the Q-CHAT demonstrated good psychometric properties and external validity to discriminate autism children not just from children with typical development but also from children with developmental delay.

Keywords: Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD); Quantitative Checklist for Autism in Toddlers; autism; early screening; toddlers.

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Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Q-CHAT score distribution in children with autism, developmental delay (DD), and typically developing children (TD).
Figure 2
Figure 2
Area under the curve for the Q-CHAT.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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