Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2018 Dec 27:31:249.
doi: 10.11604/pamj.2018.31.249.16629. eCollection 2018.

The outbreak of diphtheria in Indonesia

Ramadhan Tosepu  1 , Joko Gunawan  2 , Devi Savitri Effendy  1 , La Ode Ali Imran Ahmad  1 , Amrin Farzan  3
Affiliations

The outbreak of diphtheria in Indonesia

Ramadhan Tosepu et al. Pan Afr Med J. .

Abstract

Diptheria is commonly caused by the aerobic gram-positive bacteria, corynebacterium diphtheria. We herein report an unusual case of diphtheria outbreak in Indonesia in 2017 and its possible causes and current management.

Keywords: DPT-HB-Hib; Diphtheria; Indonesia.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
map of distribution diphtheria by Island in Indonesia
Figure 2
Figure 2
cases of diphtheria in Indonesia from January to November 2017
Figure 3
Figure 3
death of diphtheria in Indonesia from January to November 2017
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Huwae IR, Shodikin MA. Clinical appearance of diphtheria in children in Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2012;16(Supplement 1):e261.
    1. Moore LSP, et al. Corynebacterium ulcerans cutaneous diphtheria. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2015;15(9):1100–11073. - PubMed
    1. Samdani S, et al. Cardiac complications in diphtheria and predictors of outcomes. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology. 2018;104:76–78. - PubMed
    1. Sadoh AE, Oladokun RE. Re-emergence of diphtheria and pertussis: implications for Nigeria. Vaccine. 2012;30(50):7221–7228. - PubMed
    1. Meera M, Rajarao M. Diphtheria in Andhra Pradesh-a clinical-epidemiological study. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2014;19:74–8. - PubMed

MeSH terms