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Observational Study
. 2019 Aug 28;14(1):273.
doi: 10.1186/s13018-019-1329-0.

The incidence and risk factors for allogenic blood transfusion in total knee and hip arthroplasty

Kai Song  1   2 , Pin Pan  1   2 , Yao Yao  1   2 , Tao Jiang  1   2 , Qing Jiang  3   4
Affiliations
Observational Study

The incidence and risk factors for allogenic blood transfusion in total knee and hip arthroplasty

Kai Song et al. J Orthop Surg Res. .

Abstract

Background: Excessive blood loss in total joint arthroplasty (TJA) usually leads to an allogenic blood transfusion, which may cause adverse outcomes, prolonged length of hospitalization, and increased costs. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for intraoperative and postoperative allogenic transfusion in patients undergoing primary unilateral total knee and hip arthroplasty (TKA and THA).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study and enrolled consecutive patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA and THA at our institution between January 2010 and July 2014 (n = 1534). Information about allogenic transfusion was collected from medical records to determine the incidence. We performed univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify the independent risk factors.

Results: Total, intraoperative, and postoperative transfusion rates were 17.9%, 7.9%, and 11.3%, respectively. The preoperative lower level of hemoglobin (Hb) (P < 0.001) and increased amount of intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.001) were independently associated with transfusion in TKA. The independent risk factors for transfusion in THA were female (P = 0.023), preoperative lower Hb level (P < 0.001), prolonged operation time (P < 0.001), and increased intraoperative blood loss (P < 0.001).

Conclusions: Given the high prevalence and potential risk of transfusion in TJA, interventions for identified risk factors should be used during the perioperative period.

Keywords: Allogenic blood transfusion; Preoperative hemoglobin level; Total hip arthroplasty; Total knee arthroplasty.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests

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