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Review
. 2019 Aug 28;10(1):274.
doi: 10.1186/s13287-019-1362-2.

Applicability of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes

Yicheng Qi  1 , Jing Ma  1 , Shengxian Li  1 , Wei Liu  2
Affiliations
Review

Applicability of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes

Yicheng Qi et al. Stem Cell Res Ther. .

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is mainly characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and impaired insulin secretion. The chronic inflammatory process contributed to IR and could also hamper pancreatic β cell function. However, currently applied treatment cannot reverse β cell damage or alleviate inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the cell-based therapy for their self-renewable, differentiation potential, and immunosuppressive properties, have been demonstrated in displaying therapeutic effects in T2DM. Adipose-derived MSCs (AD-MSCs) attracted more attention due to less harvested inconvenience and ethical issues commonly accompany with bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) and fetal annex-derived MSCs. Both AD-MSC therapy studies and mechanism explorations in T2DM animals presented that AD-MSCs could translate to clinical application. However, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and metabolic disturbance in T2DM are crucial for impairment of AD-MSC function, which may limit the therapeutical effects of MSCs. This review focuses on the outcomes and the molecular mechanisms of MSC therapies in T2DM which light up the hope of AD-MSCs as an innovative strategy to cure T2DM.

Keywords: AD-MSCs; Insulin resistance; MSC therapy; T2DM; β cell.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The underlying mechanisms of AD-MSC effect on T2DM. AD-MSCs improve T2DM through promotion pancreatic islet β cell function, amelioration of insulin resistance of peripheral tissue, and regulation hepatic glucose metabolism
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The effects of T2DM on AD-MSCs. T2DM-related metabolic dysfunction impair AD-MSC functionalities including undifferentiated multipotent potential, proliferation, apoptosis, senescence, and immunomodulation
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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