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Review
. 2019 Jul 18:6:19.
doi: 10.21037/sci.2019.06.04. eCollection 2019.

Stem cell-based regenerative medicine

Nassim Rajabzadeh  1   2 , Ezzatollah Fathi  2 , Raheleh Farahzadi  3
Affiliations
Review

Stem cell-based regenerative medicine

Nassim Rajabzadeh et al. Stem Cell Investig. .

Abstract

Recent developments in the stem cell biology provided new hopes in treatment of diseases and disorders that yet cannot be treated. Stem cells have the potential to differentiate into various cell types in the body during age. These provide new cells for the body as it grows, and replace specialized cells that are damaged. Since mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be easily harvested from the adipose tissue and can also be cultured and expanded in vitro they have become a good target for tissue regeneration. These cells have been widespread used for cell transplantation in animals and also for clinical trials in humans. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of our current knowledge regarding the important and types of isolated stem cells from different sources of animal models such as horse, pig, goat, dog, rabbit, cat, rat, mice etc. In this regard, due to the widespread use and lot of attention of MSCs, in this review, we will elaborate on use of MSCs in veterinary medicine as well as in regenerative medicine. Based on the studies in this field, MSCs found wide application in treatment of diseases, such as heart failure, wound healing, tooth regeneration etc.

Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs); animal model; cell-based therapy; regenerative medicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
An overview of the stem cell classification. Totipotency: after fertilization, embryonic stem cells (ESCs) maintain the ability to form all three germ layers as well as extra-embryonic tissues or placental cells and are termed as totipotent. Pluripotency: these more specialized cells of the blastocyst stage maintain the ability to self-renew and differentiate into the three germ layers and down many lineages but do not form extra-embryonic tissues or placental cells. Multipotency: adult or somatic stem cells are undifferentiated cells found in postnatal tissues. These specialized cells are considered to be multipotent; with very limited ability to self-renew and are committed to lineage species.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Diagram for adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell isolation (3).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Diagram for bone marrow-derived MSCs isolation (33). MSC, mesenchymal stem cell.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Diagram for umbilical cord-derived MSCs isolation (34). MSC, mesenchymal stem cell.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Diagram for isolation of amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) (35).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Diagram for MSCs characterization (35). MSC, mesenchymal stem cell.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Diagram for application of dental stem cell in dentistry/regenerative medicine (53).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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