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. 2019 Nov;120(6):1031-1037.
doi: 10.1002/jso.25682. Epub 2019 Aug 29.

S-100B as an extra selection tool for FDG PET/CT scanning in follow-up of AJCC stage III melanoma patients

Eric A Deckers  1 , Kevin P Wevers  1 , Anneke C Muller Kobold  2 , Samantha Damude  1 , Otis M Vrielink  1 , Robert J van Ginkel  1 , Lukas B Been  1 , Barbara L van Leeuwen  1 , Harald J Hoekstra  1 , Schelto Kruijff  1
Affiliations

S-100B as an extra selection tool for FDG PET/CT scanning in follow-up of AJCC stage III melanoma patients

Eric A Deckers et al. J Surg Oncol. 2019 Nov.

Abstract

Background and objectives: This current study assessed the value of S-100B measurement to guide fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scanning for detecting recurrent disease in stage III melanoma patients.

Methods: This study included 100 stage III melanoma patients in follow-up after curative lymph node dissection. Follow-up visits included physical examination and S-100B monitoring. FDG PET/CT scanning was indicated by clinical symptoms and/or elevated S-100B.

Results: Of 100 patients, 13 (13%) had elevated S-100B without clinical symptoms, of whom 7 (54%) showed disease evidence upon FDG PET/CT scanning. Twenty-six patients (26%) had clinical symptoms with normal S-100B and FDG PET/CT revealed metastasis in 20 (77%). Three patients had clinical symptoms and elevated S-100B, and FDG PET/CT revealed metastasis in all three (100%). Overall, FDG PET/CT scanning revealed metastasis in 30 of the 42 patients (71.4%). For seven recurrences, elevated S-100B prompted early detection of asymptomatic disease; 10% of all asymptomatic patients in follow-up, 23% of all patients with recurrent disease.

Conclusion: S-100B cannot exclude recurrent disease during follow-up of stage III melanoma. However, adding S-100B measurement to standard clinical assessment can guide FDG PET/CT scanning for detecting recurrent melanoma.

Keywords: FDG PET/CT; S-100B; biomarker; follow-up; melanoma; recurrence.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflict of interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Clinical follow‐up and S‐100B measurement, 3‐month interval
Figure 2
Figure 2
PET outcome proportionally classified for indication for 42 of 100 scanned patients. PET, positron emission tomography [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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