Clinical and cost outcomes of pre-emptive plerixafor administration in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing stem cell mobilization

Abstract

Purpose: The stem cell mobilization agent plerixafor significantly improves CD34⁺ stem cell procurement in patients with multiple myeloma undergoing autologous stem cell transplant. We compared mobilization success rates and costs of two regimens of plerixafor administration: pre-emptive (P-PL, initiated the evening prior to the first day of stem cell collection) and standard (S-PL, initiated the evening prior to the second day of stem cell collection in the event of inadequate collection on the first day).

Methods: Patients with multiple myeloma undergoing mobilization were categorized as either P-PL or S-PL. Stem cell collection success was evaluated using logistic regression models. Associated costs were aggregated in terms of average collections per patient in each mobilization option (patient level), and escalated to a panel of 5000 patients (population level).

Results: 299 patients were evaluable; 241 received P-PL and 58 received S-PL. Patients receiving P-PL had higher median CD34⁺ count pre-collection and higher median total CD34⁺ cell harvest on the first collection (6.75 × 10⁶/kg for P-PL, 1.96 × 10⁶/kg for S-PL; P<0.01). In multivariable analyses, P-PL remained significantly associated with the ability to collect ≥2 × 10⁶/kg CD34⁺ on the first day (OR = 4.05, 95% CI, 1.19-13.83, P = 0.03) and ≥5 × 10⁶/kg CD34⁺ in total (OR = 3.09, 95% CI, 1.04-9.23, P = 0.04). P-PL saved $11,248 (46%) per patient compared with S-PL.

Conclusion: P-PL significantly enhanced collection efficiency, with most patients completing collection in 1 day, resulting in substantial cost savings.

Keywords: Cost analysis; Multiple myeloma; Outcomes; Plerixafor; Stem cell mobilization.