A Review of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Elderly Patients Focused on Management and Outcomes

doi:10.21873/invivo.11618

Review

. 2019 Sep-Oct;33(5):1411-1420.

doi: 10.21873/invivo.11618.

A Review of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Elderly Patients Focused on Management and Outcomes

Eunae Cho^#¹, Hyun A Cho^#¹, Chung Hwan Jun², Hee Joon Kim³, Sung Bum Cho¹, Sung Kyu Choi¹

Affiliations

¹ Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwanjgu, Republic of Korea.
² Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwanjgu, Republic of Korea estevanj@naver.com heejoonkim@jnu.ac.kr.
³ Department Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwanjgu, Republic of Korea estevanj@naver.com heejoonkim@jnu.ac.kr.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 31471386
PMCID: PMC6755010
DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11618

Review

A Review of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Elderly Patients Focused on Management and Outcomes

Eunae Cho et al. In Vivo. 2019 Sep-Oct.

. 2019 Sep-Oct;33(5):1411-1420.

doi: 10.21873/invivo.11618.

Authors

Eunae Cho^#¹, Hyun A Cho^#¹, Chung Hwan Jun², Hee Joon Kim³, Sung Bum Cho¹, Sung Kyu Choi¹

Affiliations

¹ Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwanjgu, Republic of Korea.
² Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwanjgu, Republic of Korea estevanj@naver.com heejoonkim@jnu.ac.kr.
³ Department Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwanjgu, Republic of Korea estevanj@naver.com heejoonkim@jnu.ac.kr.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 31471386
PMCID: PMC6755010
DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11618

Abstract

Recent studies report a significant age-specific increase in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development among persons over 75 years old. Therefore, there is an urgent need to determine the optimal treatment strategy in elderly patients with HCC. This systemic review examines the clinical characteristics, efficacy, and safety of first-line treatment modalities. The literature was searched regarding epidemiology and clinical outcomes in elderly patients (age ≥75 years) undergoing first-line treatment for HCC. Causative or comorbid conditions of HCC in elderly patients differed from those in younger patients. Radiofrequency ablation may be effective and safe in early stages. Surgical resection may also be feasible in the early stages for selected patients. Transarterial chemoembolization may be safe and effective for intermediate HCC, and sorafenib may be feasible in elderly patients with advanced HCC. Prospective randomized trials are needed to establish the treatment strategy for elderly patients with HCC.

Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; elderly; hepatitis B infection; prognosis; review; treatment.

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Conflict of interest statement

None.

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[1] Aapro MS, Kohne CH, Cohen HJ, Extermann M. Never too old? Age should not be a barrier to enrollment in cancer clinical trials. Oncologist. 2005;10(3):198–204. PMID: 15793223. DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.10-3-198. - PubMed

[2] Aapro MS, Kohne CH, Cohen HJ, Extermann M. Never too old? Age should not be a barrier to enrollment in cancer clinical trials. Oncologist. 2005;10(3):198–204. PMID: 15793223. DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.10-3-198. - PubMed

[3] Global Burden of Disease Liver Cancer C, Akinyemiju T, Abera S, Ahmed M, Alam N, Alemayohu MA, Allen C, Al-Raddadi R, Alvis-Guzman N, Amoako Y, Artaman A, Ayele TA, Barac A, Bensenor I, Berhane A, Bhutta Z, Castillo-Rivas J, Chitheer A, Choi JY, Cowie B, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dey S, Dicker D, Phuc H, Ekwueme DU, Zaki MS, Fischer F, Furst T, Hancock J, Hay SI, Hotez P, Jee SH, Kasaeian A, Khader Y, Khang YH, Kumar A, Kutz M, Larson H, Lopez A, Lunevicius R, Malekzadeh R, McAlinden C, Meier T, Mendoza W, Mokdad A, Moradi-Lakeh M, Nagel G, Nguyen Q, Nguyen G, Ogbo F, Patton G, Pereira DM, Pourmalek F, Qorbani M, Radfar A, Roshandel G, Salomon JA, Sanabria J, Sartorius B, Satpathy M, Sawhney M, Sepanlou S, Shackelford K, Shore H, Sun J, Mengistu DT, Topor-Madry R, Tran B, Ukwaja KN, Vlassov V, Vollset SE, Vos T, Wakayo T, Weiderpass E, Werdecker A, Yonemoto N, Younis M, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zhu L, Murray CJL, Naghavi M, Fitzmaurice C. The burden of primary liver cancer and underlying etiologies from 1990 to 2015 at the global, regional, and national level: Results from the Global Burden of Disease study 2015. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(12):1683–1691. PMID: 28983565. DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.3055. - PMC - PubMed

[4] Global Burden of Disease Liver Cancer C, Akinyemiju T, Abera S, Ahmed M, Alam N, Alemayohu MA, Allen C, Al-Raddadi R, Alvis-Guzman N, Amoako Y, Artaman A, Ayele TA, Barac A, Bensenor I, Berhane A, Bhutta Z, Castillo-Rivas J, Chitheer A, Choi JY, Cowie B, Dandona L, Dandona R, Dey S, Dicker D, Phuc H, Ekwueme DU, Zaki MS, Fischer F, Furst T, Hancock J, Hay SI, Hotez P, Jee SH, Kasaeian A, Khader Y, Khang YH, Kumar A, Kutz M, Larson H, Lopez A, Lunevicius R, Malekzadeh R, McAlinden C, Meier T, Mendoza W, Mokdad A, Moradi-Lakeh M, Nagel G, Nguyen Q, Nguyen G, Ogbo F, Patton G, Pereira DM, Pourmalek F, Qorbani M, Radfar A, Roshandel G, Salomon JA, Sanabria J, Sartorius B, Satpathy M, Sawhney M, Sepanlou S, Shackelford K, Shore H, Sun J, Mengistu DT, Topor-Madry R, Tran B, Ukwaja KN, Vlassov V, Vollset SE, Vos T, Wakayo T, Weiderpass E, Werdecker A, Yonemoto N, Younis M, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zhu L, Murray CJL, Naghavi M, Fitzmaurice C. The burden of primary liver cancer and underlying etiologies from 1990 to 2015 at the global, regional, and national level: Results from the Global Burden of Disease study 2015. JAMA Oncol. 2017;3(12):1683–1691. PMID: 28983565. DOI: 10.1001/jamaoncol.2017.3055. - PMC - PubMed

[5] Nishikawa H, Kimura T, Kita R, Osaki Y. Treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients: A literature review. J Cancer. 2013;4(8):635–643. PMID: 24155775 3805991. DOI: 10.7150/jca.7279. - PMC - PubMed

[6] Nishikawa H, Kimura T, Kita R, Osaki Y. Treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma in elderly patients: A literature review. J Cancer. 2013;4(8):635–643. PMID: 24155775 3805991. DOI: 10.7150/jca.7279. - PMC - PubMed

[7] El-Serag HB, Rudolph KL. Hepatocellular carcinoma: Epidemiology and molecular carcinogenesis. Gastroenterology. 2007;132(7):2557–2576. PMID: 17570226. DOI: 10.1053/ j.gastro.2007.04.061. - PubMed

[8] El-Serag HB, Rudolph KL. Hepatocellular carcinoma: Epidemiology and molecular carcinogenesis. Gastroenterology. 2007;132(7):2557–2576. PMID: 17570226. DOI: 10.1053/ j.gastro.2007.04.061. - PubMed

[9] Brubaker TH, Powers EA. The stereotype of "old." A review and alternative approach. J Gerontol. 1976;31(4):441–447. PMID: 774005. - PubMed

[10] Brubaker TH, Powers EA. The stereotype of "old." A review and alternative approach. J Gerontol. 1976;31(4):441–447. PMID: 774005. - PubMed

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A Review of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Elderly Patients Focused on Management and Outcomes

Affiliations

A Review of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Elderly Patients Focused on Management and Outcomes

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

Conflict of interest statement

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Cited by

References

Publication types

MeSH terms

LinkOut - more resources

Full Text Sources

Medical