C reactive protein level as a marker for dyslipidaemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome: results from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Abstract

Objective: Plasma C reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation, and increased plasma CRP is reported in many diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, metabolic syndrome, arthritis and malignancies. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between plasma CRP levels and cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, malignancies and other comorbidities.

Design: A retrospective, cross-sectional survey study.

Setting: Large population survey in Korea.

Methods: A total of 5887 (weighted n=40 251 868) participants aged 19 years or older from the 2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included for analysis. Weighted prevalence and OR of comorbidities were analysed according to the continuous variable of log plasma high-sensitivity CRP levels.

Results: The mean age was 46.7±0.37 years and the median plasma CRP was 0.58 mg/L (IQR 0.36-1.09). The mean plasma CRP levels were higher in participants with cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, pulmonary tuberculosis, and several cancers, including gastric, colon, breast and cervix, than in the general population. In the multivariable analysis, plasma CRP concentration was associated with increased prevalence of hypertriglyceridaemia (OR 1.157, 95% CI 1.040 to 1.287, p=0.007), diabetes (OR 1.204, 95% CI 1.058 to 1.371, p=0.005) and metabolic syndrome (OR 1.228, 95% CI 1.112 to 1.357, p<0.001) after adjustment for socioeconomic and lifestyle characteristics. There was no significant association between plasma CRP level and cancers.

Conclusion: Plasma CRP was associated with an increased risk of dyslipidaemia, diabetes and metabolic syndrome in the general population.

Keywords: c reactive protein; diabetes; dyslipidaemia; metabolic syndrome.

Figure 1

Mean plasma C reactive protein (CRP) concentration according to cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors, other comorbidities, and cancers. The dotted line represents mean plasma CRP concentration of the total subjects included in the study.