Efficacy of ADAPT with large-bore reperfusion catheter in anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke: a multicentric Italian experience

Abstract

Introduction: A direct aspiration first pass technique (ADAPT) is an alternative technique as first-line thrombectomy for large vessel occlusion in acute ischemic stroke, still debated when compared to first-line stent retriever. To retrospectively evaluate technical and clinical outcomes of the ADAPT as first-line treatment for anterior circulation acute ischemic stroke with large-bore reperfusion catheters.

Methods: A multicentric data collection from 14 medical centers was retrospectively analyzed. Large-bore catheters had a distal diameter between 0.64 and 0.71 in; stent retriever was added when aspiration alone failed. Baseline characteristics, technical and clinical variables were collected, including NIHSS, thrombolysis in cerebral infarction (TICI), peri-procedural complications, 90-day mRS and 90-day mortality.

Results: Overall, 501 patients were treated. No statistically significant difference in terms of baseline features or tPA administration was recorded between patients treated with ADAPT and with additional stent retriever. ADAPT alone was successful in achieving TICI ≥ 2b in 71.8% with a median of 1.55 aspiration attempts. In terms of TICI ≥ 2b, ADAPT alone was better than additional stent retriever (p < 0.001), while no statistical difference was achieved from catheter diameter. Embolization to a new territory was less frequent in ADAPT group (5.2 vs 18%; p = 0.0026). Patients treated with ADAPT alone had better clinical outcomes in terms of mRS ≤ 2 (p < 0.001).

Conclusions: ADAPT is a valid technique with respect to the rates of TICI 2b/3 recanalization and 90-day mRS scores. In this series, an attempt at recanalization with ADAPT with larger-bore reperfusion catheter may be warranted prior to stentriever thrombectomy.

Keywords: Angiography; Catheter; Stroke; Thrombectomy.